English

Unavoidable patterns in $2$-colorings of the complete bipartite graph

Combinatorics 2024-07-15 v1

Abstract

We determine the colored patterns that appear in any 22-edge coloring of Kn,nK_{n,n}, with nn large enough and with sufficient edges in each color. We prove the existence of a positive integer z2z_2 such that any 22-edge coloring of Kn,nK_{n,n} with at least z2z_2 edges in each color contains at least one of these patterns. We give a general upper bound for z2z_2 and prove its tightness for some cases. We define the concepts of bipartite rr-tonality and bipartite omnitonality using the complete bipartite graph as a base graph. We provide a characterization for bipartite rr-tonal graphs and prove that every tree is bipartite omnitonal. Finally, we define the bipartite balancing number and provide the exact bipartite balancing number for paths and stars.

Keywords

Cite

@article{arxiv.2407.08873,
  title  = {Unavoidable patterns in $2$-colorings of the complete bipartite graph},
  author = {Adriana Hansberg and Denae Ventura},
  journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2407.08873},
  year   = {2024}
}

Comments

Keywords: Ramsey, Zarankiewicz, unavoidable patterns, balanceable graph, omnitonal graph

R2 v1 2026-06-28T17:37:59.111Z