English

$\times a$ and $\times b$ empirical measures, the irregular set and entropy

Dynamical Systems 2024-05-08 v2

Abstract

For integers aa and b2b\geq 2, let TaT_a and TbT_b be multiplication by aa and bb on T=R/Z\mathbb{T}=\mathbb{R}/\mathbb{Z}. The action on T\mathbb{T} by TaT_a and TbT_b is called ×a,×b\times a,\times b action and it is known that, if aa and bb are multiplicatively independent, then the only ×a,×b\times a,\times b invariant and ergodic measure with positive entropy of TaT_a or TbT_b is the Lebesgue measure. However, whether there exists a nontrivial ×a,×b\times a,\times b invariant and ergodic measure is not known. In this paper, we study the empirical measures of xTx\in\mathbb{T} with respect to the ×a,×b\times a,\times b action and show that the set of xx such that the empirical measures of xx do not converge to any measure has Hausdorff dimension 11 and the set of xx such that the empirical measures can approach a nontrivial ×a,×b\times a,\times b invariant measure has Hausdorff dimension zero. Furthermore, we obtain some equidistribution result about the ×a,×b\times a,\times b orbit of xx in the complement of a set of Hausdorff dimension zero.

Keywords

Cite

@article{arxiv.2205.06605,
  title  = {$\times a$ and $\times b$ empirical measures, the irregular set and entropy},
  author = {Shunsuke Usuki},
  journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2205.06605},
  year   = {2024}
}