English

Polynomial $\chi$-boundedness for excluding $P_5$

Combinatorics 2026-05-12 v3

Abstract

Resolving a 1985 open problem of Gy\'arf\'as, we prove that chromatic number is polynomially bounded by clique number for graphs with no induced five-vertex path P5P_5. Our approach introduces a chromatic density framework involving chromatic quasirandomness and chromatic density increment, which allows us to deduce the desired statement from the Erd\H{o}s-Hajnal result for P5P_5.

Keywords

Cite

@article{arxiv.2512.24907,
  title  = {Polynomial $\chi$-boundedness for excluding $P_5$},
  author = {Tung H. Nguyen},
  journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2512.24907},
  year   = {2026}
}

Comments

v3: 40 pages plus bibliography and appendices, supersedes arXiv:2504.21127 and arXiv:2510.05724. Minor inaccuracies from v2 corrected

R2 v1 2026-07-01T08:46:59.424Z