English

On some determinants with Legendre symbol entries

Number Theory 2019-05-03 v9

Abstract

In this paper we mainly focus on some determinants with Legendre symbol entries. Let pp be an odd prime and let (p)(\frac{\cdot}p) be the Legendre symbol. We show that (S(d,p)p)=1(\frac{-S(d,p)}p)=1 for any dZd\in\mathbb Z with (dp)=1(\frac dp)=1, and that (Wpp)={(1){0<k<p4: (kp)=1}if p1(mod4),(1)(p+1)/8if p3(mod4),\left(\frac{W_p}p\right)=\begin{cases}(-1)^{|\{0<k<\frac p4:\ (\frac kp)=-1\}|}&\text{if}\ p\equiv1\pmod4, \\(-1)^{\lfloor(p+1)/8\rfloor}&\text{if}\ p\equiv3\pmod4,\end{cases} where S(d,p)=det[(i2+dj2p)]1i,j(p1)/2S(d,p)=\det\left[\left(\frac{i^2+dj^2}p\right)\right]_{1\le i,j\le(p-1)/2} and Wp=det[(i2((p1)/2)!jp)]0i,j(p1)/2.W_p=\det\left[\left(\frac{i^2-((p-1)/2)!j}p\right)\right]_{0\le i,j\le(p-1)/2}. We also pose some conjectures on determinants, one of which states that (1)(p+1)/8Wp(-1)^{\lfloor(p+1)/8\rfloor}W_p is a square when p3(mod4)p\equiv 3\pmod4.

Keywords

Cite

@article{arxiv.1308.2900,
  title  = {On some determinants with Legendre symbol entries},
  author = {Zhi-Wei Sun},
  journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:1308.2900},
  year   = {2019}
}

Comments

22 pages, final published version

R2 v1 2026-06-22T01:08:44.572Z