English

Multiple normalized solutions for a class of dipolar Gross-Pitaveskii equation with a mass subcritical perturbation

Analysis of PDEs 2025-07-15 v1

Abstract

In this paper, we study the existence of multiple normalized solutions to the following dipolar Gross-Pitaveskii equation with a mass subcritical perturbation \begin{align*} \left\{ \begin{array}{lll} -\frac{1}{2}\Delta u+\mu u+V(\varepsilon x)u + \lambda_1 |u|^{2}u + \lambda_2(K\ast|u|^{2})u + \lambda_3|u|^{p-2}u = 0, \;&\text{in}\; \mathbb{R}^{3},\\ \int_{{\mathbb{R}}^3} |u|^{2}dx = a^{2}, \end{array}\right. \end{align*} where a,ε>0a,\varepsilon>0, 2<p<1032<p<\frac{10}{3}, μR\mu \in \mathbb{R} denotes the Lagrange multiplier, λ3<0\lambda_3<0, (λ1,λ2){(λ1,λ2)R2:λ1<4π3λ20  or  λ1<8π3λ20}(\lambda_1,\lambda_2) \in \left\lbrace (\lambda_1,\lambda_2) \in \mathbb{R}^{2}:\lambda_1<\frac{4\pi}{3}\lambda_2\le 0\; \text{or}\; \lambda_1<-\frac{8\pi}{3}\lambda_2\le 0 \right\rbrace, V(x)V(x) is an external potential, \ast stands for the convolution, K(x)=13cos2θ(x)x3K(x)=\frac{1-3cos^{2}\theta (x)}{|x|^{3}} and θ(x)\theta (x) is the angle between the dipole axis determined by (0,0,1)(0,0,1) and the vector xx. Under some assumptions of VV, we use variational methods to prove that the number of normalized solutions is not less than the number of global minimum points of VV if ε>0\varepsilon> 0 is sufficiently small.

Keywords

Cite

@article{arxiv.2507.09893,
  title  = {Multiple normalized solutions for a class of dipolar Gross-Pitaveskii equation with a mass subcritical perturbation},
  author = {Yalin Shen and Yichen Zhang and Thin Van Nguyen},
  journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2507.09893},
  year   = {2025}
}