English

Maximal failed zero forcing sets for products of two graphs

Combinatorics 2022-02-11 v1

Abstract

Let GG be a simple, finite graph with vertex set V(G)V(G) and edge set E(G)E(G), where each vertex is either colored blue or white. Define the standard zero forcing process on GG with the following color-change rule: let SS be the set of all initially blue vertices of GG and let uSu \in S. If vv is the unique white vertex adjacent to uu in GG, color vv blue and update SS by adding vv to SS. If S=V(G)S = V(G) after a finite number of iterations of the color-change rule, we say that SS is a zero forcing set for GG. Otherwise, we say that SS is a failed zero forcing set. In this paper, we construct maximal failed zero forcing sets for graph products such as Cartesian products, strong products, lexicographic products, and coronas. In particular, we consider products of two paths, two cycles, and two complete graphs.

Keywords

Cite

@article{arxiv.2202.04997,
  title  = {Maximal failed zero forcing sets for products of two graphs},
  author = {Ma. Nerissa M. Abara and Prince Allan B. Pelayo},
  journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2202.04997},
  year   = {2022}
}

Comments

17 pages, 8 figures

R2 v1 2026-06-24T09:29:58.129Z