English

Lehmer pairs and binomial series

Number Theory 2025-12-24 v2

Abstract

The Hardy function Z(t)=ζ(1/2+it)eiθ(t)Z(t)=\zeta(1/2+it)e^{i\theta(t)} takes real values for real tt and its real zeros are zeros ζ(s)\zeta(s) on the critical line 1/2+it1/2+it. After discovering the critical value of the local maximum in 1956, Lehmer formulated the assumption that the Hardy function could have a negative local maximum or a positive local minimum. In the paper the Generalized Hardy function is defined as the real part of the Hardy function on any line αν+it\alpha_\nu+it parallel to the critical line 1/2+it1/2+it Zαν(t)=Re ζ(αν+it)eiθ(t)Z_{\alpha_\nu}(t)=Re\ \zeta(\alpha_\nu+it)e^{i\theta(t)} and established an distinct relationship between the zeros of the cosθ(t)\cos\theta(t) function and the zeros of the Generalized Hardy function. ΔTλ=(tλ,tλ+1], tλ=2πλ2, λ=1, 2, 3 ...\forall \Delta T_\lambda=(t_\lambda, t_{\lambda+1}],\ t_\lambda=2\pi\lambda^2,\ \lambda=1,\ 2,\ 3\ ... Aλ:α^λ>Aλ\exists A_\lambda:\forall \hat\alpha_\lambda>A_\lambda cosθ(t)Zα^λ(t)<ϵ(Aλ), tΔTλ|\cos\theta(t) -Z_{\hat\alpha_\lambda}(t)|<\epsilon(A_\lambda),\ t\in \Delta T_\lambda Then the binomial series is used to establish a relationship between the values of the Generalized Hardy function on any two lines αν+it\alpha_\nu+it and αν+1+it\alpha_{\nu+1}+it parallel to the critical line. Thus, by induction between values σ=1/2\sigma=1/2 and σ=α^λ>Aλ\sigma=\hat\alpha_\lambda>A_\lambda α1(λ)<α2(λ)<α3(λ)<...<αν(λ)<...<αμλ(λ)\alpha^{(\lambda)}_1<\alpha^{(\lambda)}_2<\alpha^{(\lambda)}_3<...<\alpha^{(\lambda)}_{\nu}<...<\alpha^{(\lambda)}_{\mu_\lambda} an distinct relationship has been established between the zeros of the function cosθ(t)\cos\theta(t) and the zeros of the Hardy function.

Keywords

Cite

@article{arxiv.2509.00906,
  title  = {Lehmer pairs and binomial series},
  author = {Kapitonets Kirill},
  journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2509.00906},
  year   = {2025}
}

Comments

22 pages, 7 figures, 24 formulas

R2 v1 2026-07-01T05:14:13.695Z