English

Fabrication and characterization of Nb/Al-AlN /Nb superconducting tunnel junctions

Superconductivity 2025-12-09 v1

Abstract

We report a Nb/Al-AlN /Nb superconducting tunnel junction process in which the AlN barrier is formed by plasma nitridation using a compact microwave electron-cyclotron-resonance (ECR) nitrogen plasma source integrated into a standard sputter cluster. This enables growth of uniform tunnel barriers across a broad range of specific resistances, with RnAR_n A down to 3,Ω,μm2\approx 3,\Omega,\mu\mathrm{m}^2. Junctions maintain excellent quality, exhibiting Rj/Rn25R_j/R_n \ge 25 at the highest barrier transparencies. We characterize resistivity, specific capacitance, and the evolution of junction parameters under room-temperature aging and thermal annealing. A consistent calibration of the junction specific capacitance CsC_s versus RnAR_n A is established and independently validated by the performance of demonstrator SIS mixers designed using the extracted CsC_s.

Keywords

Cite

@article{arxiv.2512.06994,
  title  = {Fabrication and characterization of Nb/Al-AlN /Nb superconducting tunnel junctions},
  author = {Alexey Pavolotsky and François Joint and Udupa Sujit Manjunatha and Victor Belitsky and Denis Meledin and Takafumi Kojima and Sho Masui and Ravishankar Narayanan and Vincent Desmaris},
  journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2512.06994},
  year   = {2025}
}

Comments

7 pages, 6 figures