Distinguished Tame Supercuspidal Representations and Odd Orthogonal Periods

We further develop and simplify the general theory of distinguished tame supercuspidal representations of reductive $p$-adic groups due to Hakim and Murnaghan, as well as the analogous theory for finite reductive groups due to Lusztig. We apply our results to study the representations of ${\rm GL}_n(F)$, with $n$ odd and $F$ a nonarchimedean local field, that are distinguished with respect to an orthogonal group in $n$ variables. In particular, we determine precisely when a supercuspidal representation is distinguished with respect to an orthogonal group and, if so, that the space of distinguishing linear forms has dimension one.