English

Connected greedy coloring $H$-free graphs

Combinatorics 2018-07-25 v1 Discrete Mathematics

Abstract

A connected ordering (v1,v2,,vn)(v_1, v_2, \ldots, v_n) of V(G)V(G) is an ordering of the vertices such that viv_i has at least one neighbour in {v1,,vi1}\{v_1, \ldots, v_{i - 1}\} for every i{2,,n}i \in \{2, \ldots, n\}. A connected greedy coloring (CGC for short) is a coloring obtained by applying the greedy algorithm to a connected ordering. This has been first introduced in 1989 by Hertz and de Werra, but still very little is known about this problem. An interesting aspect is that, contrary to the traditional greedy coloring, it is not always true that a graph has a connected ordering that produces an optimal coloring; this motivates the definition of the connected chromatic number of GG, which is the smallest value χc(G)\chi_c(G) such that there exists a CGC of GG with χc(G)\chi_c(G) colors. An even more interesting fact is that χc(G)χ(G)+1\chi_c(G) \le \chi(G)+1 for every graph GG (Benevides et. al. 2014). In this paper, in the light of the dichotomy for the coloring problem restricted to HH-free graphs given by Kr\'al et.al. in 2001, we are interested in investigating the problems of, given an HH-free graph GG: (1). deciding whether χc(G)=χ(G)\chi_c(G)=\chi(G); and (2). given also a positive integer kk, deciding whether χc(G)k\chi_c(G)\le k. We have proved that Problem (2) has the same dichotomy as the coloring problem (i.e., it is polynomial when HH is an induced subgraph of P4P_4 or of P3+K1P_3+K_1, and it is NP-complete otherwise). As for Problem (1), we have proved that χc(G)=χ(G)\chi_c(G) = \chi(G) always hold when GG is an induced subgraph of P5P_5 or of P4+K1P_4+K_1, and that it is NP-hard to decide whether χc(G)=χ(G)\chi_c(G)=\chi(G) when HH is not a linear forest or contains an induced P9P_9. We mention that some of the results actually involve fixed kk and fixed χ(G)\chi(G).

Keywords

Cite

@article{arxiv.1807.09034,
  title  = {Connected greedy coloring $H$-free graphs},
  author = {Esdras Mota and Ana Silva and Leonardo Sampaio},
  journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:1807.09034},
  year   = {2018}
}
R2 v1 2026-06-23T03:12:17.533Z