English

Absence of Quantum Time Crystals

Statistical Mechanics 2015-06-26 v3 Other Condensed Matter High Energy Physics - Theory Mathematical Physics math.MP Quantum Physics

Abstract

In analogy with crystalline solids around us, Wilczek recently proposed the idea of "time crystals" as phases that spontaneously break the continuous time translation into a discrete subgroup. The proposal stimulated further studies and vigorous debates whether it can be realized in a physical system. However, a precise definition of the time crystal is needed to resolve the issue. Here we first present a definition of time crystals based on the time-dependent correlation functions of the order parameter. We then prove a no-go theorem that rules out the possibility of time crystals defined as such, in the ground state or in the canonical ensemble of a general Hamiltonian, which consists of not-too-long-range interactions.

Keywords

Cite

@article{arxiv.1410.2143,
  title  = {Absence of Quantum Time Crystals},
  author = {Haruki Watanabe and Masaki Oshikawa},
  journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:1410.2143},
  year   = {2015}
}

Comments

5 pages, 1 figure; v3: A typo is corrected; the version to appear in Phys. Rev. Lett

R2 v1 2026-06-22T06:16:45.256Z