English

A Strong Haken's Theorem

Geometric Topology 2024-04-24 v5

Abstract

Suppose T is a Heegaard splitting surface for a compact orientable 3-manifold M, and S is a reducing sphere for M. In 1968 Haken showed that there is then also a reducing sphere S* for the Heegaard splitting. That is, S* is a reducing sphere for M and the surfaces T and S* intersect in a single circle. In 1987 Casson and Gordon extended the result to boundary-reducing disks in M and noted that in both cases S* is obtained from S by a sequence of operations called 1-surgeries. Here we show that in fact one may take S* = S.

Keywords

Cite

@article{arxiv.2003.08523,
  title  = {A Strong Haken's Theorem},
  author = {Martin Scharlemann},
  journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2003.08523},
  year   = {2024}
}

Comments

Final version, to appear in Algebraic and Geometric Topology

R2 v1 2026-06-23T14:19:27.819Z