English

A hot mini-Neptune and a temperate, highly eccentric sub-Saturn around the bright K-dwarf TOI-2134

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics 2023-10-23 v1 Solar and Stellar Astrophysics

Abstract

We present the characterisation of an inner mini-Neptune in a 9.2292005±\pm0.0000063 day orbit and an outer mono-transiting sub-Saturn planet in a 95.500.25+0.36^{+0.36}_{-0.25} day orbit around the moderately active, bright (mv=8.9 mag) K5V star TOI-2134. Based on our analysis of five sectors of TESS data, we determine the radii of TOI-2134b and c to be 2.69±\pm0.16 Re_{e} for the inner planet and 7.27±\pm0.42 Re_{e} for the outer one. We acquired 111 radial-velocity spectra with HARPS-N and 108 radial-velocity spectra with SOPHIE. After careful periodogram analysis, we derive masses for both planets via Gaussian Process regression: 9.130.76+0.78^{+0.78}_{-0.76} Me_{e} for TOI-2134b and 41.867.83+7.69^{+7.69}_{-7.83} Me_{e} for TOI-2134c. We analysed the photometric and radial-velocity data first separately, then jointly. The inner planet is a mini-Neptune with density consistent with either a water-world or a rocky core planet with a low-mass H/He envelope. The outer planet has a bulk density similar to Saturn's. The outer planet is derived to have a significant eccentricity of 0.670.06+0.05^{+0.05}_{-0.06} from a combination of photometry and RVs. We compute the irradiation of TOI-2134c as 1.45±\pm0.10 times the bolometric flux received by Earth, positioning it for part of its orbit in the habitable sone of its system. We recommend further RV observations to fully constrain the orbit of TOI-2134c. With an expected Rossiter-McLaughlin (RM) effect amplitude of 7.2±\pm1.3 m/s, we recommend TOI-2134c for follow-up RM analysis to study the spin-orbit architecture of the system. We calculate the Transmission Spectroscopy Metric, and both planets are suitable for bright-mode NIRCam atmospheric characterisation.

Keywords

Cite

@article{arxiv.2310.13623,
  title  = {A hot mini-Neptune and a temperate, highly eccentric sub-Saturn around the bright K-dwarf TOI-2134},
  author = {F. Rescigno and G. Hébrard and A. Vanderburg and A. W. Mann and A. Mortier and S. Morrell and L. A. Buchhave and K. A. Collins and C. R. Mann and C. Hellier and R. D. Haywood and R. West and M. Stalport and N. Heidari and D. Anderson and C. X. Huang and M. López-Morales and P. Cortés-Zuleta and H. M. Lewis and X. Dumusque and I. Boisse and P. Rowden and A. Collier Cameron and M. Deleuil and M. Vezie and F. A. Pepe and X. Delfosse and D. Charbonneau and K. Rice and O. Demangeon and S. N. Quinn and S. Udry and T. Forveille and J. N. Winn and A. Sozzetti and S. Hoyer and S. Seager and T. G. Wilson and S. Dalal and E. Martioli and S. Striegel and W. Boschin and D. Dragomir and A. F. Martínez Fiorenzano and R. Cosentino and A. Ghedina and L. Malavolta and L. Affer and B. S. Lakeland and B. A. Nicholson and S. Foschino and A. Wünsche and K. Barkaoui and G. Srdoc and J. Randolph and B. Guillet and D. M. Conti and M. Ghachoui and M. Gillon and Z. Benkhaldoun and F. J. Pozuelos and M. Timmermans and E. Girardin and S. Matutano and P. Bosch-Cabot and J. A. Muñoz and R. Forés-Toribio},
  journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2310.13623},
  year   = {2023}
}

Comments

24 pages, 7 tables, 14 figures