The Alexander-Hirschowitz theorem and related problems

We present a proof of the celebrated result due to Alexander and Hirschowitz which determines when a general set of double points in $\mathbb P^n$ has the expected Hilbert function. Our intended audience are Commutative Algebraists who may be new to interpolation problems. In particular, the main aim of our presentation is to provide a self-contained proof containing all details (including some we could not find in the literature). Also, considering our intended audience, we have added (a) short appendices to make this survey more accessible and (b) a few open problems related to the Alexander-Hirschowitz theorem and the interpolation problems.