Semi-equivelar toroidal maps and their k-semiregular covers
Abstract
If the face\mbox{-}cycles at all the vertices in a map are of same type then the map is called semi\mbox{-}equivelar. In particular, it is called equivelar if the face-cycles contain same type of faces. A map is semiregular (or almost regular) if it has as few flag orbits as possible for its type. A map is -regular if it is equivelar and the number of flag orbits of the map under the automorphism group. In particular, if , its called regular. A map is -semiregular if it contains more number of flags as compared to its type with the number of flags orbits . Drach et al. \cite{drach:2019} have proved that every semi-equivelar toroidal map has a finite unique minimal semiregular cover. In this article, we show the bounds of flag orbits of semi-equivelar toroidal maps, i.e., there exists for each type such that every semi-equivelar map is -uniform for some . We show that none of the Archimedean types on the torus is semiregular, i.e., for each type, there exists a map whose number of flag orbits is more than its type. We also prove that if a semi-equivelar map is -semiregular then it has a finite index -semiregular minimal cover for . We also show the existence and classification of sheeted -semiregular maps for some of semi-equivelar toroidal maps for each .
Keywords
Cite
@article{arxiv.2111.15484,
title = {Semi-equivelar toroidal maps and their k-semiregular covers},
author = {Arnab Kundu and Dipendu Maity},
journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2111.15484},
year = {2022}
}
Comments
arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:2111.13085, arXiv:2110.12375