English

Semi-equivelar toroidal maps and their k-semiregular covers

Combinatorics 2022-07-13 v3

Abstract

If the face\mbox{-}cycles at all the vertices in a map are of same type then the map is called semi\mbox{-}equivelar. In particular, it is called equivelar if the face-cycles contain same type of faces. A map is semiregular (or almost regular) if it has as few flag orbits as possible for its type. A map is kk-regular if it is equivelar and the number of flag orbits of the map kk under the automorphism group. In particular, if k=1k =1, its called regular. A map is kk-semiregular if it contains more number of flags as compared to its type with the number of flags orbits kk. Drach et al. \cite{drach:2019} have proved that every semi-equivelar toroidal map has a finite unique minimal semiregular cover. In this article, we show the bounds of flag orbits of semi-equivelar toroidal maps, i.e., there exists kk for each type such that every semi-equivelar map is \ell-uniform for some k\ell \le k. We show that none of the Archimedean types on the torus is semiregular, i.e., for each type, there exists a map whose number of flag orbits is more than its type. We also prove that if a semi-equivelar map is mm-semiregular then it has a finite index tt-semiregular minimal cover for tmt \le m. We also show the existence and classification of nn sheeted kk-semiregular maps for some kk of semi-equivelar toroidal maps for each nNn \in \mathbb{N}.

Keywords

Cite

@article{arxiv.2111.15484,
  title  = {Semi-equivelar toroidal maps and their k-semiregular covers},
  author = {Arnab Kundu and Dipendu Maity},
  journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2111.15484},
  year   = {2022}
}

Comments

arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:2111.13085, arXiv:2110.12375

R2 v1 2026-06-24T07:57:56.786Z