Atomically thin transition metal dichalcogenides are highly promising for integrated optoelectronic and photonic systems due to their exciton-driven linear and nonlinear interaction with light. Integrating them into optical fibers yields novel opportunities in optical communication, remote sensing, and all-fiber optoelectronics. However, scalable and reproducible deposition of high quality monolayers on optical fibers is a challenge. Here, we report the chemical vapor deposition of monolayer MoS2 and WS2 crystals on the core of microstructured exposed core optical fibers and their interaction with the fibers' guided modes. We demonstrate two distinct application possibilities of 2D-functionalized waveguides to exemplify their potential. First, we simultaneously excite and collect excitonic 2D material photoluminescence with the fiber modes, opening a novel route to remote sensing. Then we show that third harmonic generation is modified by the highly localized nonlinear polarization of the monolayers, yielding a new avenue to tailor nonlinear optical processes in fibers. We anticipate that our results may lead to significant advances in optical fiber based technologies.
@article{arxiv.2005.04201,
title = {Scalable functionalization of optical fibers using atomically thin semiconductors},
author = {Gia Quyet Ngo and Antony George and Robin Tristan Klaus Schock and Alessandro Tuniz and Emad Najafidehaghani and Ziyang Gan and Nils C. Geib and Tobias Bucher and Heiko Knopf and Christof Neumann and Tilman Lühder and Stephen Warren-Smith and Heike Ebendorff-Heidepriem and Thomas Pertsch and Markus A. Schmidt and Andrey Turchanin and Falk Eilenberger},
journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2005.04201},
year = {2020}
}