English

Perfect coalition in graphs

Combinatorics 2025-07-22 v3

Abstract

\noindent A perfect dominating set in a graph G=(V,E)G=(V,E) is a subset SVS \subseteq V such that each vertex in VSV \setminus S has exactly one neighbor in SS. A perfect coalition in GG consists of two disjoint sets of vertices ViV_i and VjV_j such that i) neither ViV_i nor VjV_j is a dominating set, ii) each vertex in V(G)ViV(G) \setminus V_i has at most one neighbor in ViV_i and each vertex in V(G)VjV(G) \setminus V_j has at most one neighbor in VjV_j, and iii) ViVjV_i \cup V_j is a perfect dominating set. A perfect coalition partition (abbreviated prcprc-partition) in a graph GG is a vertex partition π={V1,V2,,Vk}\pi= \lbrace V_1,V_2,\dots ,V_k \rbrace such that for each set ViV_i of π\pi either ViV_i is a singleton dominating set, or there exists a set VjπV_j \in \pi that forms a perfect coalition with ViV_i. In this paper, we initiate the study of perfect coalition partitions in graphs. We obtain a bound on the number of perfect coalitions involving each member of a perfect coalition partition, in terms of maximum degree. The perfect coalition of some special graphs are investigated. The graph GG with δ(G)=1\delta(G)=1, the triangle-free graphs GG with prefect coalition number of order of GG and the trees TT with prefect coalition number in {n,n1,n2}\{n,n-1,n-2\} where n=V(T)n=|V(T)| are characterized.

Keywords

Cite

@article{arxiv.2409.10185,
  title  = {Perfect coalition in graphs},
  author = {Doost Ali Mojdeh and Mohammad Reza Samadzadeh},
  journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2409.10185},
  year   = {2025}
}

Comments

18 pages

R2 v1 2026-06-28T18:45:56.772Z