English

On Krebes' tangle

Geometric Topology 2013-06-20 v3

Abstract

A genus-1 tangle G is an arc properly embedded in a standardly embedded solid torus S in the 3-sphere. We say that a genus-1 tangle embeds in a knot K in S^3 if the tangle can be completed by adding an arc exterior to the solid torus to form the knot K. We call K a closure of G. An obstruction to embedding a genus-1 tangle G in a knot is given by torsion in the homology of branched covers of S branched over G. We examine a particular example A of a genus-1 tangle, given by Krebes, and consider its two double-branched covers. Using this homological obstruction, we show that any closure of A obtained via an arc which passes through the hole of S an odd number of times must have determinant divisible by three. A resulting corollary is that if A embeds in the unknot, then the arc which completes A to the unknot must pass through the hole of S an even number of times.

Keywords

Cite

@article{arxiv.1208.3913,
  title  = {On Krebes' tangle},
  author = {Susan M. Abernathy},
  journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:1208.3913},
  year   = {2013}
}

Comments

7 pages, 7 figures. v2: Minor changes made, typos corrected. v3: Final version, accepted for publication

R2 v1 2026-06-21T21:52:47.705Z