English

No Small Linear Program Approximates Vertex Cover within a Factor $2 - \epsilon$

Computational Complexity 2015-11-30 v2

Abstract

The vertex cover problem is one of the most important and intensively studied combinatorial optimization problems. Khot and Regev (2003) proved that the problem is NP-hard to approximate within a factor 2ϵ2 - \epsilon, assuming the Unique Games Conjecture (UGC). This is tight because the problem has an easy 2-approximation algorithm. Without resorting to the UGC, the best inapproximability result for the problem is due to Dinur and Safra (2002): vertex cover is NP-hard to approximate within a factor 1.3606. We prove the following unconditional result about linear programming (LP) relaxations of the problem: every LP relaxation that approximates vertex cover within a factor 2ϵ2-\epsilon has super-polynomially many inequalities. As a direct consequence of our methods, we also establish that LP relaxations (as well as SDP relaxations) that approximate the independent set problem within any constant factor have super-polynomial size.

Keywords

Cite

@article{arxiv.1503.00753,
  title  = {No Small Linear Program Approximates Vertex Cover within a Factor $2 - \epsilon$},
  author = {Abbas Bazzi and Samuel Fiorini and Sebastian Pokutta and Ola Svensson},
  journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:1503.00753},
  year   = {2015}
}
R2 v1 2026-06-22T08:42:33.738Z