The paper discusses the relationships between electrical and affine differential geometry quantities, establishing a link between frequency and time derivatives of voltage, through the utilization of affine geometric invariants. Based on this link, a new instantaneous frequency estimation formula is proposed, which is particularly suited for unbalanced and single-phase systems. Several examples as well as measurements based on two real-world events illustrate the findings of the paper.
@article{arxiv.2310.12299,
title = {Instantaneous Frequency Estimation in Unbalanced Systems Using Affine Differential Geometry},
author = {Ali Alshawabkeh and Georgios Tzounas and Angel Molina-Garcia and Federico Milano},
journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2310.12299},
year = {2024}
}