English

Hawking-type singularity theorems for worldvolume energy inequalities

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology 2026-02-10 v3 Mathematical Physics Differential Geometry math.MP

Abstract

The classical singularity theorems of R. Penrose and S. Hawking from the 1960s show that, given a pointwise energy condition (and some causality as well as initial assumptions), spacetimes cannot be geodesically complete. Despite their great success, the theorems leave room for physically relevant improvements, especially regarding the classical energy conditions as essentially any quantum field theory necessarily violates them. While singularity theorems with weakened energy conditions exist for worldline integral bounds, so called worldvolume bounds are in some cases more applicable than the worldline ones, such as the case of some massive free fields. In this paper we study integral Ricci curvature bounds based on worldvolume quantum strong energy inequalities. Under the additional assumption of a - potentially very negative - global timelike Ricci curvature bound, a Hawking type singularity theorem is proven. Finally, we apply the theorem to a cosmological scenario proving past geodesic incompleteness in cases where the worldline theorem was inconclusive.

Keywords

Cite

@article{arxiv.2209.04347,
  title  = {Hawking-type singularity theorems for worldvolume energy inequalities},
  author = {Melanie Graf and Eleni-Alexandra Kontou and Argam Ohanyan and Yasmin Schinnerl},
  journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2209.04347},
  year   = {2026}
}

Comments

32 pages

R2 v1 2026-06-28T01:01:18.352Z