English

Gaps between quadratic forms

Number Theory 2026-05-19 v1

Abstract

Let \triangle denote the integers represented by the quadratic form x2+xy+y2x^2+xy+y^2 and 2\square_{2} denote the numbers represented as a sum of two squares. For a non-zero integer aa, let S(,2,a)S(\triangle,\square_{2},a) be the set of integers nn such that nn \in \triangle, and n+a2n + a \in \square_{2}. We conduct a census of S(,2,a)S(\triangle,\square_{2},a) in short intervals by showing that there exists a constant Ha>0H_{a} > 0 with \begin{align*} \# S(\triangle,\square_{2},a)\cap [x,x+H_{a}\cdot x^{5/6}\cdot \log^{19}x] \geq x^{5/6-\varepsilon} \end{align*} for large xx. To derive this result and its generalization, we utilize a theorem of Tolev (2012) on sums of two squares in arithmetic progressions and analyse the behavior of a multiplicative function found in Blomer, Br{\"u}dern \& Dietmann (2009). Our work extends a classical result of Estermann (1932) and builds upon work of M{\"u}ller (1989).

Keywords

Cite

@article{arxiv.2505.23428,
  title  = {Gaps between quadratic forms},
  author = {Siddharth Iyer},
  journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2505.23428},
  year   = {2026}
}

Comments

19 pages

R2 v1 2026-07-01T02:48:23.872Z