Four-Body Gravitational Microlensing Events Involving Both a Binary Lens and a Binary Source
Abstract
We present detailed analyses of three anomalous microlensing events--KMT-2021-BLG-0209, KMT-2021-BLG-0901, and OGLE-2025-BLG-0356--identified from a systematic re-examination of KMTNet light curves for which previous modeling attempts failed or left persistent residuals. Although all three events show caustic-related features consistent with binary-lens microlensing, we find that their full light-curve structures can be described by four-body configurations that required four-body configurations involving a binary lens and a binary source. In KMT-2021-BLG-0209, weak caustic-exit residuals arise from a faint companion source undergoing an additional caustic interaction. In KMT-2021-BLG-0901, a late-time re-brightening is produced when the secondary source encounters the resonant caustic long after the primary. For OGLE-2025-BLG-0356, we test the degeneracy between 3L1S and 2L2S interpretations of a short isolated anomaly and find that the 2L2S model provides a significantly better fit. Source colors and magnitudes indicate binary sources composed of (G8V, M3V), (G8V, K2V), and (G6V, G8V) stars for the three events, respectively. Bayesian inference suggests that the lenses are predominantly low-mass binaries, including one system (KMT-2021-BLG-0901) with a companion consistent with a brown dwarf. These events add to the growing sample of well-characterized 2L2S systems and underscore the importance of systematically testing complex models, particularly in anticipation of the high-precision microlensing data expected from the Roman Space Telescope survey.
Cite
@article{arxiv.2605.17654,
title = {Four-Body Gravitational Microlensing Events Involving Both a Binary Lens and a Binary Source},
author = {Cheongho Han and Chung-Uk Lee and Andrzej Udalski and Michael D. Albrow and Sun-Ju Chung and Andrew Gould and Youn Kil Jung and Kyu-Ha~Hwang and Yoon-Hyun Ryu and Yossi Shvartzvald and In-Gu Shin and Jennifer C. Yee and Weicheng Zang and Hongjing Yang and Doeon Kim and Dong-Jin Kim and Seung-Lee Kim and Dong-Joo Lee and Sang-Mok Cha and Yongseok Lee and Byeong-Gon Park and Richard W. Pogge and Przemek Mróz and Michał K. Szymańskim Jan Skowron and Radosław Poleski and Igor Soszyński and Paweł Pietrukowicz and Szymon Kozłowski and Krzysztof A. Rybicki and Patryk Iwanek and Krzysztof Ulaczyk and Marcin Wrona and Mariusz Gromadzki and Mateusz J. Mróz},
journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2605.17654},
year = {2026}
}
Comments
11 pages, 6 figures