English

Fast pseudorandom quantum state generators via inflationary quantum gates

Quantum Physics 2024-04-23 v3 Statistical Mechanics High Energy Physics - Theory

Abstract

We propose a mechanism for reaching pseudorandom quantum states, computationally indistinguishable from Haar random, with shallow log-n depth quantum circuits, where n is the number of qudits. We argue that logn\log n depth 2-qubit-gate-based generic random quantum circuits that are claimed to provide a lower bound on the speed of information scrambling, cannot produce computationally pseudorandom quantum states. This conclusion is connected with the presence of polynomial (in nn) tails in the stay probability of short Pauli strings that survive evolution through such shallow circuits. We show, however, that stay-probability-tails can be eliminated and pseudorandom quantum states can be accomplished with shallow logn\log n depth circuits built from a special universal family of `inflationary' quantum (IQ) gates. We prove that IQ-gates cannot be implemented with 2-qubit gates, but can be realized either as a subset of 2-qudit-gates in U(d2)U(d^2) with d3d\ge 3 and dd prime, or as special 3-qubit gates.

Keywords

Cite

@article{arxiv.2304.09885,
  title  = {Fast pseudorandom quantum state generators via inflationary quantum gates},
  author = {Claudio Chamon and Eduardo R. Mucciolo and Andrei E. Ruckenstein and Zhi-Cheng Yang},
  journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2304.09885},
  year   = {2024}
}
R2 v1 2026-06-28T10:11:32.894Z