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Congruences for the Ap\'ery numbers modulo $p^3$

Number Theory 2024-10-16 v2 Combinatorics

Abstract

Let {An}\{A'_n\} be the Ap\'ery numbers given by An=k=0n(nk)2(n+kk).A'_n=\sum_{k=0}^n\binom nk^2\binom{n+k}k. For any prime p3(mod4)p\equiv 3\pmod 4 we show that Ap12p23(p32p34)2(modp3)A'_{\frac{p-1}2}\equiv \frac{p^2}3\binom{\frac{p-3}2}{\frac{p-3}4}^{-2}\pmod {p^3}. Let {tn}\{t_n\} be given by t0=1, t1=5andtn+1=(8n2+12n+5)tn4n2(2n+1)2tn1 (n1).t_0=1,\ t_1=5\quad\hbox{and}\quad t_{n+1}=(8n^2+12n+5)t_n-4n^2(2n+1)^2t_{n-1}\ (n\ge 1). We also obtain the congruences for tp(modp3), tp1(modp2)t_p\pmod {p^3},\ t_{p-1}\pmod {p^2} and tp12(modp2)t_{\frac{p-1}2}\pmod {p^2}, where pp is an odd prime.

Keywords

Cite

@article{arxiv.2409.06544,
  title  = {Congruences for the Ap\'ery numbers modulo $p^3$},
  author = {Zhi-Hong Sun},
  journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2409.06544},
  year   = {2024}
}

Comments

16 pages

R2 v1 2026-06-28T18:39:58.840Z