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The paper presents the HIR (Hydrogen Ionization Rates) software package developed for calculating the level populations of atomic hydrogen and the dynamics of its ionization in hot plasma, including the case of fast ions with an anisotropic…
We study projection phenomena in word metrics of finitely generated acylindrically hyperbolic groups. For a loxodromic WPD element acting on a hyperbolic space, we prove that shortest projection in the word metric to the corresponding…
Future event prediction carries broad social impact yet remains challenging. SOTA approaches augment LLMs with external agent frameworks whose predictive capability vanishes once the harness is removed. While recent Tool-Integrated…
While drawing planar graphs with few slopes and few bends is a well-studied problem, corresponding extensions to beyond-planar graphs still remain mostly unexplored. Motivated by this observation, in this work, we provide bounds on the…
We focus on refined Humbert invariants of principally polarized superspecial abelian surfaces, introduced by Kani in 1994. The main contributions are to enumerate principal polarizations on a superspecial surface, and for each polarization,…
High-capacity fiber-wireless communication systems operating at high frequencies increasingly rely on photonic generation of radio-frequency (RF) signals. In these systems, optical signals are transmitted over optical fibers and detected by…
Context: Episodic accretion outbursts have been shown to occur in protoplanetary discs due to thermal instability at the inner edge of the dead zone. These outbursts periodically heat up the dead zone, significantly altering the…
This is the first in a series of papers studying symplectic dynamics on Liouville domains $(W, \lambda)$ from a geometric approach. We employ Usher's tube construction to build a higher-dimensional Liouville domain from $(W,\lambda; H)$,…
We report a timing and spectral study of the 2024 outburst of the Be/X-ray binary pulsar 2S~1553$-$542 using \textit{NuSTAR} and \textit{NICER} observations. From the \textit{NuSTAR} light curve we measure a pulse period of…
We explore how collective states of light and matter differ when the multi-level nature of the quantum emitters is fully taken into account. For closely spaced emitters, interferences between near-resonant transitions completely change the…
Given a model that is already trained, which features does it rely on causally versus spuriously? Existing methods require access to the training procedure and cannot answer this post-hoc. We introduce the \textbf{Normalised Sensitivity…
Deploying diabetic retinopathy (DR) screening models in primary care requires edge-efficient systems that remain accurate, safe, and reliable under domain shift. Multi-teacher knowledge distillation (KD) is a natural compression strategy,…
Transitional millisecond pulsars (tMSPs) are neutron-star binaries that switch between rotation-powered and accretion-powered states, providing a key link between low-mass X-ray binaries and millisecond radio pulsars. In their sub-luminous…
Generative AI has rapidly expanded audio-visual forgery beyond human-centric deepfakes into general scenes. Existing AIGC detection methods assume audio-visual content correspondence, identifying forgeries by spotting cross-modal…
We present a combined cloud/ammonia model for Jupiter's equatorial atmosphere from 0.1 to 10 bar, consistent with observations made at a range of observation geometries from 0.35 to 5.15 $\mu$m by VLT/MUSE, Cassini/VIMS, IRTF/SpeX and…
Variational Autoencoders are widely used to encode high-dimensional and noisy observations in robotics. However, their stochastic latent creates a mismatch with Proximal Policy Optimization (PPO): an effective policy marginalizes over the…
Rank aggregation is the task of combining $n$ input rankings (linear orders) of alternatives into a single output ranking. The Kemeny rank aggregation rule selects the output ranking that minimizes the total Kendall-tau distance to the…
In this work, we revisit the generalized emergent dark energy model by confronting it with DESI DR2 baryon acoustic oscillation measurements, in combination with joint CMB data from ACT, SPT, and Planck, as well as Type Ia supernova samples…
Swarm Learning is a decentralized collaborative learning mechanism that allows multiple organizations to train a shared model without central coordination or direct data sharing. In typical horizontal Swarm Learning, datasets across sites…
In the age of foundation models, a model is only as good as its prompt. For this reason, prompt engineering has become an essential technique for improving language model performance. Since video models are currently becoming foundation…