Related papers: New exact solutions for the discrete fourth Painle…

We consider a family of solutions to the Painlev\'e II equation $$ u''(x)=2u^3(x)+xu(x)-\alpha \qquad \textrm{with } \a \in \mathbb{R} \cut \{0\}, $$ which have infinitely many poles on $(-\infty, 0)$. Using Deift-Zhou nonlinear steepest…

We will study special solutions of the fourth, fifth and sixth Painlev\'e equations with generic values of parameters whose linear monodromy can be calculated explicitly. We will show the relation between Umemura's classical solutions and…

This manuscript develops a novel understanding of non-polar solutions of the discrete Painlev\'e I equation (dP1). As the non-autonomous counterpart of an analytically completely integrable difference equation, this system is endowed with a…

We establish a matrix generalization of the ultradiscrete fourth Painlev\'e equation (ud-PIV). Well-defined multicomponent systems that permit ultradiscretization are obtained using an approach that relies on a group defined by constraints…

It is known that discrete Painlev\'e equations have symmetries of the affine Weyl groups. In this paper we propose a new representation of discrete Painlev\'e equations in which the symmetries become clearly visible. We know how to obtain…

We study polynomials that are orthogonal with respect to the modified Laguerre weight $z^{-n + \nu} e^{-Nz} (z-1)^{2b}$ in the limit where $n, N \to \infty$ with $N/n \to 1$ and $\nu$ is a fixed number in $\mathbb{R} \setminus…

The Yablonskii-Vorob'ev polynomials $y_{n}(t)$, which are defined by a second order bilinear differential-difference equation, provide rational solutions of the Toda lattice. They are also polynomial tau-functions for the rational solutions…

Hirota's discrete KdV equation is a well-known integrable two-dimensional partial difference equation regarded as a discrete analogue of the KdV equation. In this paper, we show that a variation of Hirota's discrete KdV equation with an…

An important unsolved problem in Diophantine number theory is to establish a general method to effectively find all solutions to any given $S$-unit equation with at least four terms. Although there are many works contributing to this…

We obtain the solution of the fourth order difference equation $$ x_{n+1}=\frac{ \alpha x_{n-3}}{A+B x_{n-1}x_{n-3}}$$ with the initial conditions; $x_{-3}=d,$ $x_{-2}=c,$ $x_{-1}=b,$ and $x_{0}=a$ are arbitrary nonzero real numbers,…

Using Painlev\'e analysis, the Hirota multi-linear method and a direct ansatz technique, we study analytic solutions of the (1+1)-dimensional complex cubic and quintic Swift-Hohenberg equations. We consider both standard and generalized…

In this paper we study the gap probability problem in the Gaussian Unitary Ensembles of $n$ by $n$ matrices : The probability that the interval $J := (-a,a)$ is free of eigenvalues. In the works of Tracy and Widom, Adler and Van Moerbeke…

We show that the alternative discrete Painlev\'e I equation (alt-dP$_{\rm I}$) has a unique solution which remains positive for all $n \geq 0$. Furthermore, we identify this positive solution in terms of a special solution of the second…

Exact solutions of the dispersive and modified equations are expressed in terms of special polynomials associated with rational solutions of the fourth Painleve equation, which arises as generalized scaling reductions of these equations.…

We consider the polynomials $\phi_n(z)= \kappa_n (z^n+ b_{n-1} z^{n-1}+ >...)$ orthonormal with respect to the weight $\exp(\sqrt{\lambda} (z+ 1/z)) dz/2 \pi i z$ on the unit circle in the complex plane. The leading coefficient $\kappa_n$…

The Painleve expansion for the second Painleve equation (PII) and fourth Painleve equation (PIV) have two branches. The singular manifold method therefore requires two singular manifolds. The double singular manifold method is used to…

The rational solutions for the discrete Painlev\'e II equation are constructed based on the bilinear formalism. It is shown that they are expressed by the determinant whose entries are given by the Laguerre polynomials. Continuous limit to…

We give a new approach to the symmetries of the Painlev\'e equations $P_{V},P_{IV},P_{III}$ and $P_{II}$, respectively. Moreover, we make natural extensions to fourth-order analogues for each of the Painlev\'e equations $P_{V}$ and…

We investigate some of the discrete Painleve equations (dPII, qPI and qPII) and the discrete KdV equation over finite fields. The first part concerns the discrete Painleve equations. We review some of the ideas introduced in our previous…

The theory of orthogonal polynomials on the unit circle is developed for a general class of weights leading to systems of recurrence relations and derivatives of the polynomials and their associated functions, and to functional-difference…