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Landauer's erasure principle is generalized to nondeterministic processes on systems having an arbitrary number of non-symmetrical logical states. The condition that the process is applied in the same way, irrespective of the initial…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2009-04-03 S. Turgut

The first law of thermodynamics, which governs energy conservation, is traditionally formulated as an equality. Surprisingly, we demonstrate that the first law alone implies a universal Landauer-like inequality linking changes in system…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-08-17 Junjie Liu , Hanlin Nie

The clean world of digital information is based on noisy physical devices. Landauer's principle provides a deep connection between information processing and the underlying thermodynamics by setting a lower limit on the energy consumption…

One of the outstanding challenges to information processing is the eloquent suppression of energy consumption in execution of logic operations. Landauer principle sets an energy constraint in deletion of a classical bit of information.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-06-13 L. L. Yan , T. P. Xiong , K. Rehan , F. Zhou , D. F. Liang , L. Chen , J. Q. Zhang , W. L. Yang , Z. H. Ma , M. Feng

Using a double-well potential as a physical memory, we study with experiments and numerical simulations the energy exchanges during erasure processes, and model quantitatively the cost of fast operation. Within the stochastic thermodynamics…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2022-02-22 Salambô Dago , Ludovic Bellon

The Landauer principle sets a fundamental thermodynamic constraint on the minimum amount of heat that must be dissipated to erase one logical bit of information through a quasi-statically slow protocol. For finite time information erasure,…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2023-04-28 L. T. Giorgini , R. Eichhorn , M. Das , W. Moon , J. S. Wettlaufer

The Landauer principle states that any logically irreversible information processing must be accompanied by dissipation into the environment. In this study, we investigate the heat dissipation associated with finite-time information erasure…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2022-01-05 Tan Van Vu , Keiji Saito

Maxwell's Demon, 'a being whose faculties are so sharpened that he can follow every molecule in its course', has been the centre of much debate about its abilities to violate the second law of thermodynamics. Landauer's hypothesis, that the…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2015-11-06 Samson Abramsky , Dominic Horsman

The classic Landauer bound can be lowered when erasure errors are permitted. Here we point out that continuous phase transitions characterized by an order parameter can also be viewed as information erasure by resetting a certain number of…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2014-05-30 M. C. Diamantini , C. A. Trugenberger

Starting from Landauer's slogan "information is physical," we revise and modify Landauer's principle stating that the erasure of information has a minimal price in the form of a certain quantity of free energy. We establish a direct link…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-11-20 Ämin Baumeler , Stefan Wolf

In any general cycle of measurement, feedback and erasure, the measurement will reduce the entropy of the system when information about the state is obtained, while erasure, according to Landauer's principle, is accompanied by a…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2017-06-28 Vegard B. Sørdal , Yuri M. Galperin , Joakim Bergli

A known aspect of the Clausius inequality is that an equilibrium system subjected to a squeezing $\d S$ of its entropy must release at least an amount $|\dbarrm Q|=T|\d S|$ of heat. This serves as a basis for the Landauer principle, which…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2009-10-31 A. E. Allahverdyan , Th. M. Nieuwenhuizen

Landauer principle states that erasure of $N$ bit information requires an entropic cost of $Nk_B \ln 2$. This fact can easily be demonstrated by relaxation of an ideal gas consisting of $N$ particles inside a fixed volume. In this paper we…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2017-03-16 P. S. Pal , A. M. Jayannavar

New concepts from nonequilibrium thermodynamics are used to show that Landauer's principle can be understood in terms of time asymmetry in the dynamical randomness generated by the physical process of the erasure of digital information. In…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2009-11-13 D. Andrieux , P. Gaspard

The Landauer's principle, a cornerstone of information thermodynamics, provides a fundamental lower bound on the energetic cost of information erasure in terms of the information content change. However, its traditional formulation is…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-18 Yuanyuan Xiao , Jian-Hua Jiang , Junjie Liu

Quantum Landauer's principle provides a fundamental lower bound for energy dissipation occurred with information erasure in the quantum regime. While most studies have related the entropy reduction incorporated with the erasure to the lower…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-04-29 Kazunari Hashimoto , Chikako Uchiyama

It is widely accepted that information erasure entails heat dissipation. Here we analyze asymmetric memory states to show that this energy cost can be shuffled around to any step in a write-erase cycle and need not accompany the logically…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2007-05-23 M. Maissam Barkeshli

I dispute the conventional claim that the second law of thermodynamics is saved from a "Maxwell's Demon" by the entropy cost of information erasure, and show that instead it is measurement that incurs the entropy cost. Thus Brillouin, who…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-07-22 R. E. Kastner

We briefly address Landauer's Principle and some related issues in thermal demons. We show that an error-free Turing computer works in the zero-entropy limit, which proves Landauer's derivation incorrect. To have a physical logic gate,…

General Physics · Physics 2015-06-23 Laszlo B. Kish , Claes-Goran Granqvist , Sunil P. Khatri , Janusz Smulko

Landauer's erasure principle states that the irreversible erasure of a one-bit memory, embedded in a thermal environment, is accompanied with a work input of at least $k_{\text{B}}T\ln2$. Fundamental to that principle is the assumption that…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2019-01-31 Jan Klaers