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A prime goal of quantum tomography is to provide quantitatively rigorous characterisation of quantum systems, be they states, processes or measurements, particularly for the purposes of trouble-shooting and benchmarking experiments in…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-06-12 Nathan K. Langford

The purpose of this paper is to formalize the concept that best synthesizes our intuitive understanding of quantum mechanics -- that the information carried by a system is limited -- and, from this principle, to construct the foundations of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-07-04 Paolo Ferro

A long-standing problem in quantum physics is to determine the minimal number of measurement bases required for the complete characterization of unknown quantum states, a question of particular relevance to high-dimensional quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-08-12 Tianqi Xiao , Yaxin Wang , Ying Xia , Zhihao Li , Xiaoqi Zhou

A simple mapping procedure is presented by which classical orbits and path integrals for the motion of a point particle in flat space can be transformed directly into those in curved space with torsion. Our procedure evolved from…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2008-02-03 H. Kleinert

The importance of the tomographic approach is that either in quantum mechanics as in classical mechanics the state of a physical system is expressed with the same family of functions, the tomograms. The extension of this procedure to…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2019-01-30 Cosimo Stornaiolo

The characterization of a quantum device is a crucial step in the development of quantum experiments. This is accomplished via Quantum Process Tomography, which combines the outcomes of different projective measurements to deliver a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-06-26 Francesco Di Colandrea , Nazanin Dehghan , Alessio D'Errico , Ebrahim Karimi

Quantum mechanics is among the most important and successful mathematical model for describing our physical reality. The traditional formulation of quantum mechanics is linear and algebraic. In contrast classical mechanics is a geometrical…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-11-03 Hoshang Heydari

A general law is presented for (composite) quantum systems which directly describes the time evolution of quantum states (with one or both components) through an arbitrary noisy quantum channel. It is shown that the time evolution of all…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-06-21 Chang-shui Yu , He-shan Song

Quantum state tomography is an elementary tool to fully characterize an unknown quantum state. As the quantum hardware scales up in size, the standard quantum state tomography becomes increasingly challenging due to its exponentially…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-12-12 Lu Zhong , Chu Guo , Xiaoting Wang

The paper develop the alternative formulation of quantum mechanics known as the phase space quantum mechanics or deformation quantization. It is shown that the quantization naturally arises as an appropriate deformation of the classical…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2011-09-27 Maciej Blaszak , Ziemowit Domanski

We propose a complete tomographic reconstruction of any vortex state carrying orbital angular momentum. The scheme determines the angular probability distribution of the state at different times under free evolution. To represent the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2008-12-17 I. Rigas , L. L. Sanchez-Soto , A. B. Klimov , J. Rehacek , Z. Hradil

Multimode Gaussian states are a versatile resource for quantum information technologies and have been realized across a wide range of physical platforms. Recent progress in the large-scale generation of such states provides a key ingredient…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-14 Chan Roh , Geunhee Gwak , Young-Do Yoon , Young-Sik Ra

Annealing approach to quantum tomography is theoretically proposed. First, based on the maximum entropy principle, we introduce classical parameters to combine "quantum models (or quantum states)" given a prior for potentially representing…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-04-05 Kentaro Imafuku

Tomography of a quantum state is usually based on positive operator-valued measure (POVM) and on their experimental statistics. Among the available reconstructions, the maximum-likelihood (MaxLike) technique is an efficient one. We propose…

Concomitant with the rapid development of quantum technologies, challenging demands arise concerning the certification and characterization of devices. The promises of the field can only be achieved if stringent levels of precision of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-07-03 J. Eisert , D. Hangleiter , N. Walk , I. Roth , D. Markham , R. Parekh , U. Chabaud , E. Kashefi

Quantum state tomography (QST) aims at reconstructing the state of a quantum system. However in conventional QST the number of measurements scales exponentially with the number of qubits. Here we propose a QST protocol, in which the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-08-23 Daniele Binosi , Giovanni Garberoglio , Diego Maragnano , Maurizio Dapor , Marco Liscidini

We discuss the problem of finding "marginal" distributions within different tomographic approaches to quantum state measurement, and we establish analytical connections among them.

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-10-30 Stefano Mancini , Paolo Tombesi , Vladimir I. Man'ko

Pure entangled states of two spatial qudits have been produced by using the momentum transverse correlation of the parametric down-converted photons [Phys. Rev. Lett. \textbf{94} 100501]. Here we show a generalization of this process to…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-13 G. Lima , F. A. Torres-Ruiz , L. Neves , A. Delgado , C. Saavedra , S. Pádua

Phase is a basic ingredient for quantum states since quantum mechanics uses complex numbers to describe quantum states. In this letter, we introduce a rigorous framework to quantify the phase of quantum states. To do so, we regard phase as…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-08-10 Jianwei Xu

The number of measurements necessary to perform the quantum state reconstruction of a system of qubits grows exponentially with the number of constituents, creating a major obstacle for the design of scalable tomographic schemes. We work…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-06-23 U. Seyfarth , L. L. Sanchez-Soto , G. Leuchs