Related papers: Exponential Moments of Canonical Phase: Homodyne M…
It is shown that the exponential moments of the canonical phase can be directly sampled from the data recorded in balanced homodyne detection. Analytical expressions for the sampling functions are derived, which are valid for arbitrary…
We directly sample the exponential moments of the canonical phase for various quantum states from the homodyne output. The method enables us to study the phase properties experimentally, without making the detour via reconstructing the…
Measurements of single-mode phase observables are studied in the spirit of the quantum theory of measurement. We determine the minimal measurement models of phase observables and consider methods of measuring such observables by using a…
We present an analysis of the time domain measurement of temporally resolvable quantum states using balanced homodyne detection. Our approach outlines a formalism of detecting quantum states in arbitrary temporal modes via projection of the…
Although the canonical phase of light, which is defined as the complement of photon number, has been described theoretically by a variety of distinct approaches, there have been no methods proposed for its measurement. Indeed doubts have…
We analyze a simultaneous continuous measurement of photon-counting and homodyne detection. The stochastic master equation or stochastic Schr\"odinger equation describing the measurement process includes both jump-type and diffusive-type…
It is shown that fundamental uncertainty relations between photon number and canonical phase of a single-mode optical field can be verified by means of balanced homodyne measurement. All the relevant quantities can be sampled directly from…
Using coherent phase states, parameterized phase state distributions for a single-mode radiation field are introduced and their integral relation to the phase-parameterized field-strength distributions is studied. The integral kernel is…
We review experimental work on the measurement of the quantum state of optical fields, and the relevant theoretical background. The basic technique of optical homodyne tomography is described with particular attention paid to the role…
For optical phase estimation via homodyne measurement, we generalize the theory from detector's linear to nonlinear response regime, which accounts for the presence of saturation effect. For optical coherent light, we carry out analytic…
Much of modern metrology and communication technology encodes information in electromagnetic waves, typically as an amplitude or phase. While current hardware can perform near-ideal measurements of photon number or field amplitude, to date…
A new method is described for determining the quantum correlations at different times in optical pulses by using balanced homodyne detection. The signal pulse and sequences of ultrashort test pulses are superimposed, where for chosen…
A method is introduced which allows to measure normal-ordered moments of the displaced photon-number operator up to high orders. It is based on unbalanced homodyne correlation measurements, the local oscillator being replaced by a displaced…
Real-time controls based on quantum measurements are powerful tools for various quantum protocols. However, their experimental realization have been limited by mode-mismatch between temporal mode of quadrature measurement and that heralded…
Homo- and heterodyne detection are fundamental techniques for measuring propagating electromagnetic fields. However, applying these techniques to stationary fields confined in cavities poses a challenge. As a way to overcome this challenge,…
We present a method of measuring expectation values of quadrature moments of a multimode field through two-level probe ``homodyning''. Our approach is based on an integral transform formalism of measurable probe observables, where…
Using only elementary calculus we prove that the balanced homodyne detector measures the quadrature phase amplitude of a signal. More precisely, after the measurement of photon numbers $l$, the collapse of the composite state of a strong…
Practically applicable criteria for the nonclassicality of quantum states are formulated in terms of different types of moments. For this purpose the moments of the creation and annihilation operators, of two quadratures, and of a…
Precision measurements of optical phases have many applications in science and technology. Entangled multi-photon states have been suggested for performing such measurements with precision that significantly surpasses the shot-noise limit.…
Homodyne measurement is a corner-stone of quantum optics. It measures the fundamental variables of quantum electrodynamics - the quadratures of light, which represent the cosine-wave and sine-wave components of an optical field and…