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Surface codes can protect quantum information stored in qubits from local errors as long as the per-operation error rate is below a certain threshold. Here we propose holonomic surface codes by harnessing the quantum holonomy of the system.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-03-07 Jiang Zhang , Simon J. Devitt , J. Q. You , Franco Nori

In this article, we define homological quantum codes in arbitrary qudit dimensions $D\geq 2$ by directly defining CSS operators on a 2-Complex $\Sigma$. If the 2-Complex is constructed from a surface, we obtain a qudit surface code. We then…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-11-27 Zihan Lei

We study a mechanism whereby quantum information present in the initial state of a quantum many-body system can be protected for arbitrary times due to a combination of symmetry and spatial locality. Remarkably, the mechanism is…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-06-16 Julia Wildeboer , Thomas Iadecola , Dominic J. Williamson

An explicit lattice realization of a non-Abelian topological memory is presented. The correspondence between logical and physical states is seen directly by use of the stabilizer formalism. The resilience of the encoded states against…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2010-10-04 James R. Wootton , Ville Lahtinen , Jiannis K. Pachos

We elaborate the idea of quantum computation through measuring the correlation of a gapped ground state, while the bulk Hamiltonian is utilized to stabilize the resource. A simple computational primitive, by pulling out a single spin…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2010-07-29 Akimasa Miyake

We present a scalable framework for accurately modeling many-body interactions in surface-code quantum processor units (QPUs). Combining a concise diagrammatic formalism with high-precision numerical methods, our approach efficiently…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-07-09 Xuexin Xu , Kuljeet Kaur , Chloé Vignes , Mohammad H. Ansari , John M. Martinis

This is a comprehensive review on fault-tolerant topological quantum computation with the surface codes. The basic concepts and useful tools underlying fault-tolerant quantum computation, such as universal quantum computation, stabilizer…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-04-08 Keisuke Fujii

The surface code is a spin-1/2 lattice system that can exhibit non-trivial topological order when defects are punctured in the lattice and thus can be used as a stabiliser code. The protocols developed to create defects in the system have…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-01-16 Omar Raii , Anirban Dey , Florian Mintert , Daniel Burgarth

This dissertation explores quantum computation using qudits encoded into large spins, emphasizing the concept of quantum co-design to harness the unique capabilities of physical platforms for enhanced quantum information processing. First,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-05-14 Sivaprasad Omanakuttan

We present a comprehensive and self-contained simplified review of the quantum computing scheme of Phys. Rev. Lett. 98, 190504 (2007), which features a 2-D nearest neighbor coupled lattice of qubits, a threshold error rate approaching 1%,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-03-13 Austin G. Fowler , Ashley M. Stephens , Peter Groszkowski

The toric code can be constructed as a gauge theory of finite groups on oriented two dimensional lattices. Here we construct analogous models with the gauge fields belonging to groupoids, which are categories where every morphism has an…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-12-05 Pramod Padmanabhan , Indrajit Jana

The fragile nature of quantum information limits our ability to construct large quantities of quantum bits suitable for quantum computing. An important goal, therefore, is to minimize the amount of resources required to implement quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-04-11 Adam Paetznick , Austin G. Fowler

We examine the problem of simulating lattice gauge theories on a universal quantum computer. The basic strategy of our approach is to transcribe lattice gauge theories in the Hamiltonian formulation into a Hamiltonian involving only Pauli…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-11 Tim Byrnes , Yoshihisa Yamamoto

Ordered phases of matter have close connections to computation. Two prominent examples are spin glass order, with wide-ranging applications in machine learning and optimization, and topological order, closely related to quantum error…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-12-19 Benedikt Placke , Tibor Rakovszky , Nikolas P. Breuckmann , Vedika Khemani

The surface code is a powerful quantum error correcting code that can be defined on a 2-D square lattice of qubits with only nearest neighbor interactions. Syndrome and data qubits form a checkerboard pattern. Information about errors is…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2010-11-24 Austin G. Fowler , David S. Wang , Lloyd C. L. Hollenberg

Surface and color codes are two forms of topological quantum error correction in two spatial dimensions with complementary properties. Surface codes have lower-depth error detection circuits and well-developed decoders to interpret and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-10-18 Jonathan E. Moussa

We develop a framework for the classification of invertible translation-invariant stabilizer codes modulo condensation and stabilization with simple codes. We introduce generalizations of the Pauli groups of local unitaries for quantum…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2025-12-03 Roman Geiko , Georgii Shuklin

We present a generalization of the double semion topological quantum field theory to higher dimensions, as a theory of $d-1$ dimensional surfaces in a $d$ dimensional ambient space. We construct a local Hamiltonian which is a sum of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-12-15 Michael H. Freedman , Matthew B. Hastings

It is now widely recognized that the toric code is a pure gauge-theory model governed by a projective Hamiltonian with topological orders. In this work, we extend the interplay between quantum information system and gauge-theory model from…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2023-08-09 Yoshihito Kuno , Ikuo Ichinose

We introduce simple generic models of surface dynamics in loop quantum gravity (LQG). A quantum surface is defined as a set of elementary patches of area glued together. We provide it with an extra structure of locality (nearest neighbors),…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2017-06-28 Alexandre Feller , Etera R. Livine