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Quantum metrology exploits quantum mechanical effects to increase the precision of measurements of physical quantities. A wide variety of applications are currently being developed for scientific and technological purposes, however, most…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-02-16 B. J. Alexander , Ş. K. Özdemir , M. S. Tame

Let $H$ and $K$ be (finite or infinite dimensional) complex Hilbert spaces. A characterization of positive completely bounded normal linear maps from ${\mathcal B}(H)$ into ${\mathcal B}(K)$ is given, which particularly gives a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2010-08-24 Jinchuan Hou

Inspired by the `computable cross norm' or `realignment' criterion, we propose a new point of view about the characterization of the states of bipartite quantum systems. We consider a Schmidt decomposition of a bipartite density operator.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2008-09-16 Cosmo Lupo , Paolo Aniello , Antonello Scardicchio

We present a description of finite dimensional quantum entanglement, based on a study of the space of all convex decompositions of a given density matrix. On this space we construct a system of real polynomial equations describing separable…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2008-08-27 J. K. Korbicz , F. Hulpke , A. Osterloh , M. Lewenstein

A fundamental problem in quantum information is to describe efficiently multipartite quantum states. An efficient representation in terms of graphs exists for several families of quantum states (graph, cluster, stabilizer states),…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2012-07-04 Radu Ionicioiu , Tim P. Spiller

Any set of pure states living in an given Hilbert space possesses a natural and unique metric --the Haar measure-- on the group $U(N)$ of unitary matrices. However, there is no specific measure induced on the set of eigenvalues $\Delta$ of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-06-18 J. Batle

In the past decades, quantum entanglement has been recognized to be the basic resource in quantum information theory. A fundamental need is then the understanding its qualification and its quantification: Is the quantum state entangled, and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-02-20 Szilárd Szalay

We present a generalized partial transposition separability criterion for the density matrix of a multipartite quantum system. This criterion comprises as special cases the famous Peres-Horodecki criterion and the recent realignment…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-07 Kai Chen , Ling-An Wu

We reconsider density matrices of graphs as defined in [quant-ph/0406165]. The density matrix of a graph is the combinatorial laplacian of the graph normalized to have unit trace. We describe a simple combinatorial condition (the "degree…

This work is at the interface of graph theory and quantum mechanics. Quantum correlations epitomize the usefulness of quantum mechanics. Quantum discord is an interesting facet of bipartite quantum correlations. Earlier, it was shown that…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-04-08 Supriyo Dutta , Bibhas Adhikari , Subhashish Banerjee

We study multi-qubit variational quantum states that can be considered as vertex- and edge-weighted graph. These states are constructed as single-layer variational circuits with $RX$ rotations and $RZZ$ entangling gates, corresponding to…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-22 Kh. P. Gnatenko , A. Kaczmarek

Weighted graph states are a natural generalization of graph states, which are generated by applying controlled-phase gates, instead of controlled-Z gates, to a separable state. In this paper, we show that uniformly weighted graph states on…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-12-02 Tomohiro Yamazaki , Yuki Takeuchi

The reduction criterion is a well known necessary condition for separable states, and states violating this condition are entangled and also 1-distillable. In this paper we introduce a new set of necessary conditions for separability of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-11 William Hall

It is shown that any separable state on Hilbert space ${\cal H}={\cal H}_1\otimes{\cal H}_2$, can be written as a convex combination of N pure product states with $N\leq (dim{\cal H})^2$. Then a new separability criterion for mixed states…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-10-30 Pawel Horodecki

We introduce a class of multiqubit quantum states which generalizes graph states. These states correspond to an underlying mathematical hypergraph, i.e. a graph where edges connecting more than two vertices are considered. We derive a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-11-13 M. Rossi , M. Huber , D. Bruß , C. Macchiavello

We have generalised the concept of graph states to what we have called mixed graph states, which we define in terms of mixed graphs, that is graphs with both directed and undirected edges, as the density matrix stabilized by the associated…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-03-17 Constanza Riera , Ramij Rahaman , Matthew G. Parker

Algebraic approach to quantum non - separability is applied to the case of two qubits. It is based on the partition of the algebra of observables into independent subalgebras and the tensor product structure of the Hilbert space is not…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-05-30 L. Derkacz , M. Gwozdz , L. Jakobczyk

Using the signed laplacian matrix, and weighted and hybrid graphs, we present additional ways to interpret graphs as grid states. Hybrid graphs offer the most general interpretation. Existing graphical methods that characterize entanglement…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-04-20 Biswash Ghimire , Thomas Wagner , Hermann Kampermann , Dagmar Bruß

We investigate the separability properties of quantum states described by an extended Werner density matrix, where the classical component exhibits statistical dependence. By generalizing the classical part to allow correlations, we…

General Physics · Physics 2025-07-22 Toru Ohira

Quantum entanglement has been regarded as one of the key physical resources in quantum information sciences. However, the determination of whether a mixed state is entangled or not is generally a hard issue, even for the bipartite system.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-02-15 Jun-Li Li , Cong-Feng Qiao