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The measurement postulate of quantum theory stands in conflict with the laws of thermodynamics and has evoked debate regarding what actually constitutes a measurement. With the help of modern quantum statistical mechanics, we take the first…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-12-16 Emanuel Schwarzhans , Felix C. Binder , Marcus Huber , Maximilian P. E. Lock

Modal interpretations of quantum mechanics assign definite properties to physical systems and specify single-time joint probabilities of these properties. We show that a natural extension, applying to properties at several times, can be…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-10-31 Dennis Dieks

In both classical and quantum physics, irreversible processes are described by maps that contract the space of states. The change in volume has often been taken as a natural quantifier of the amount of irreversibility. In Bayesian…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-07 Lizhuo Liu , Clive Cenxin Aw

Quantum mechanics is a fundamentally probabilistic theory (at least so far as the empirical predictions are concerned). It follows that, if one wants to properly understand quantum mechanics, it is essential to clearly understand the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-10 D. M. Appleby

A quantum theory of the universe consists of a theory of its quantum dynamics and a theory of its quantum state The theory predicts quantum multiverses in the form of decoherent sets of alternative histories describing the evolution of the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2018-01-29 James B. Hartle

An analysis using classical stochastic processes is used to construct a consistent system of quantum counterfactual reasoning. When applied to a counterfactual version of Hardy's paradox, it shows that the probabilistic character of quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-10-31 Robert B. Griffiths

Classical mechanics and standard Copenhagen quantum mechanics respect subspace implications. For example, if a particle is confined in a particular region $R$ of space, then in these theories we can deduce that it is confined in regions…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2008-02-03 Adrian Kent

We formulate a quantum theory of the Universe based on Bayesian probability. In this theory, the probability of the Universe is not a frequency probability, which can be obtained by observing experimental results several times, but is a…

General Physics · Physics 2019-08-01 Matsuo Sato

Nonnegative probabilities that obey the sum rules may be assigned to a much wider family of sets of histories than decohering histories. The resulting {\it linearly positive histories} avoid the highly restrictive decoherence conditions and…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2014-11-17 Sheldon Goldstein , Don N. Page

The Born probability measure describes the statistics of measurements in which observers self-locate themselves in some region of reality. In $\psi$-ontic quantum theories, reality is directly represented by the wavefunction. We show that…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-12-27 Michael Ridley

The paper gives a systematic review of the basic ideas of (non-relativistic) quantum mechanics including all changes that result from previous work of the authors. This shows that the new theory is self-consistent and (in certain sense)…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2011-02-24 Petr Hajicek , Jiri Tolar

The simultaneous estimation of multiple unknown parameters is the most general scenario in quantum sensing. Quantum multi-parameter estimation theory provides fundamental bounds on the achievable precision of simultaneous estimation.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-12-02 Yaoling Yang , Victor Montenegro , Abolfazl Bayat

This interpretation establishes a completely classical ontology -- only the classical trajectory in configuration space -- and interprets the wave function as describing incomplete information (in form of a probability flow) about this…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-10-24 I. Schmelzer

We address the issue of coupling variables which are essentially classical to variables that are quantum. Two approaches are discussed. In the first (based on collaborative work with L.Di\'osi), continuous quantum measurement theory is used…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-10-31 J. J. Halliwell

It is first pointed out that there is a common mathematical model for the universe and the quantum computer. The former is called the histories approach to quantum mechanics and the latter is called measurement based quantum computation.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-09-01 Stan Gudder

Recent results suggest that quantum mechanical phenomena may be interpreted as a failure of standard probability theory and may be described by a Bayesian complex probability theory.

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Saul Youssef

A generic non-integrable (unitary) out-of-equilibrium quantum process, when interrogated across many times, is shown to yield the same statistics as an (non-unitary) equilibrated process. In particular, using the tools of quantum stochastic…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-07-18 Neil Dowling , Pedro Figueroa-Romero , Felix A. Pollock , Philipp Strasberg , Kavan Modi

Generalized measures of quantum correlations are derived by taking Bayes' rule as the only fundamental principle. The resulting quantifiers satisfy several desirable conditions for a measure of quantum correlations and are shown to admit…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-03-20 A. C. S. Costa , R. M. Angelo

The theory of probability and the quantum theory, the one mathematical and the other physical, are related in that each admits a number of very different interpretations. It has been proposed that the conceptual problems of the quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-08-29 Louis Marchildon

We pursue the view that quantum theory may be an emergent structure related to large space-time scales. In particular, we consider classical Hamiltonian systems in which the intrinsic proper time evolution parameter is related through a…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2014-11-17 Hans-Thomas Elze