Related papers: On the Electric Charge Quantization from the Dirac…
Schroedinger (Nature, v.169, p.538 (1952)) demonstrated that, contrary to the widespread belief, charged particles may be described by real fields. Therefore the sets of solutions with real-valued charged fields are considered in the…
It is well known that the single particle Dirac equation is gauge invariant. This means that observable quantities, such as the current density, are not affected by a gauge transformation. However what happens when the method of second…
The motion of a system of particles under electromagnetic interaction is considered. Under the assumption that the force acting on an electric charge is given by the sum of the electromagnetic fields produced by any other charged particles…
A field-interaction scheme is introduced for describing the Aharonov-Bohm effect, fully consistent with the principle of relativity. Our theory is based on the fact that local field interactions are present even when a particle moves only…
We discuss the possibility that the electron may be fractionalized in some quantum phases of matter in two or higher dimensions. We review the theory of such phases, and show that their effective theory is a $Z_2$ gauge theory. These phases…
One way of arriving at a quantum field theory of electrons and positrons is to take a classical theory of the Dirac field and then quantize. Starting with the standard classical field theory and quantizing in the most straightforward way…
It is shown that when the gauge-invariant Bohr-Rosenfeld commutators of the free electromagnetic field are applied to the expressions for the linear and angular momentum of the electromagnetic field interpreted as operators then, in the…
By introducing a doublet of electromagnetic four dimensional vector potentials, we set up a manifestly Lorentz covariant and SO(2) duality invariant classical field theory of electric and magnetic charges. In our formulation one does not…
This paper states that the induced charge should not be neglected in the electric Aharonov-Bohm effect. If the induced charge is taken into account, the interference pattern of the moving charge will not change with the potential difference…
We obtain electric charge quantization in the context of models based on the gauge symmetry group SU(3) X SU(4) X U(1). The gauge models studied include three families to cancel out anomalies and a set of scalar fields to break…
In gauge theories like the standard model, the electric charges of the fermions can be heavily constrained from the classical structure of the theory and from the cancellation of anomalies. We argue that the anomaly conditions are not quite…
The electric polarizability of a hadron allows an external electric field to shift the hadron mass. We try to calculate the electric polarizability for several hadrons from their quadratic response to the field at a=0.17fm using an improved…
In the self-sufficient potential formalism, treating all electromagnetic phenomena as natural or forced oscillations of some distributed electromagnetic oscillating system (Minkowski space-time), the electromagnetic potential must be…
We quantise the massless vector potential A of electromagnetism in the presence of a classical electromagnetic (background) current, j, in a generally covariant way on arbitrary globally hyperbolic spacetimes M. By carefully following…
The article focuses on the issue of the two definitions of charge, mainly the gauge charge and the effective charge of fundamental particles. Most textbooks on classical electromagnetism and quantum field theory only works with the gauge…
We present an alternative description of magnetic monopoles by lifting quantum mechanics from 3-dimensional space into a one with 2 complex dimensions. Magnetic monopoles are realized as a generalization of the considered states. Usual…
While it is a standard result in field theory that the scaling dimension of conserved currents and their associated gauge fields are determined strictly by dimensional analysis and hence cannot change under any amount of renormalization, it…
We consider the loop quantization of Maxwell theory. A quantization of this type leads to a quantum theory in which the fundamental excitations are loop-like rather than particle-like. Each such loop plays the role of a quantized Faraday's…
The fallacies associated with the gauge concept in electromagnetism are illustrated. A clearer and more valid formulation of the basics of classical electromagnetism is provided by recognizing existing physical constraints as well as the…
A new classical 2-spinor approach to $U(1)$ gauge theory is presented in which the usual four-potential vector field is replaced by a symmetric second rank spinor. Following a lagrangian formulation, it is shown that the four-rank spinor…