English

Second quantization and gauge invariance

Quantum Physics 2013-07-02 v2 Mathematical Physics math.MP

Abstract

It is well known that the single particle Dirac equation is gauge invariant. This means that observable quantities, such as the current density, are not affected by a gauge transformation. However what happens when the method of second quantization is applied to convert a single particle theory into a field theory? In this case it will be shown that the theory is no longer gauge invariant. This will be shown by considering the second quantization of a zero mass Dirac field in 1+1 dimensions and examining the change of the current density operator due to a gauge transformation.

Keywords

Cite

@article{arxiv.1306.0812,
  title  = {Second quantization and gauge invariance},
  author = {Dan Solomon},
  journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:1306.0812},
  year   = {2013}
}

Comments

Added some additional introductory material. Some other minor changes and correction of typos. 10 pages

R2 v1 2026-06-22T00:27:51.583Z