Related papers: Second quantization and gauge invariance
Quantum field theory is assumed to be gauge invariant. However it is well known that when certain quantities are calculated using perturbation theory the results are not gauge invariant. The non-gauge invariant terms have to be removed in…
Quantum field theory is assumed to be gauge invariant. It is shown that for a Dirac field the assumption of gauge invariance impacts on the way the vacuum state is defined. It is shown that the conventional definition of the vacuum state…
In this paper the quantization of the 2$+$1-dimensional gravity couplet to the massless Dirac field is carried out. The problem is solved by the application of the new Dynamic Quantization Method [1,2]. It is well-known that in general…
A gauge transformation in quantum electrodynamics involves the product of field operators at the same space-time point and hence does not have a well-defined meaning. One way to avoid this difficulty is to generalize the gauge…
Quantum field theory is assumed to be gauge invariant. However it is well known that when certain quantities are calculated using perturbation theory the results are not gauge invariant. The non-gauge invariant terms have to be removed in…
Dirac field theory is assumed to be gauge invariant. However it is well known that a calculation of the polarization tensor yields a non-gauge invariant result. The reason for this has been shown to be due to the fact that for Dirac theory…
Gauge invariance is one of the more important concepts in physics. We discuss this concept in connection with the unitary evolution of discrete-time quantum walks in one and two spatial dimensions, when they include the interaction with…
The methods of reduced phase space quantization and Dirac quantization are examined in a simple gauge theory. A condition for the possible equivalence of the two methods is discussed.
It is shown that gauge theories are most naturally studied via a polar decomposition of the field variable. Gauge transformations may be viewed as those that leave the density invariant but change the phase variable by additive amounts. The…
Although gauge invariance preserves the values of physical observables, a gauge transformation can introduce important alterations of physical interpretations. To understand this, it is first shown that a gauge transformation is not, in…
There is considered an extension of gauge theories according to the assumption of a generalized uncertainty principle which implies a minimal length scale. A modification of the usual uncertainty principle implies an extended shape of…
Our main interest here is to analyze the gauge invariance issue concerning the noncommutative relativistic particle. Since the analysis of the constraint set from Dirac's point of view classifies it as a second-class system, it is not a…
Using connection with quantum field theory, the infinitesimal covariant abelian gauge transformation laws of relativistic two-particle constraint theory wave functions and potentials are established and weak invariance of the corresponding…
Gauge invariance, a core principle in electrodynamics, has two separate meanings. One concept treats the photon as the gauge particle for electrodynamics. It is based on symmetries of the Lagrangian, and requires no mention of electric or…
Quantum field theory (QFT) is supposed to be gauge invariant. However it has been well established that a direct calculation of the vacuum polarization tensor produces a non-gauge invariant result. In this paper it will be shown that this…
We show that any theory with second class constraints may be cast into a gauge theory if one makes use of solutions of the constraints expressed in terms of the coordinates of the original phase space. We perform a Lagrangian path integral…
The problem of ultraviolet divergences is analysed in the quantum field theory. It was found that it has common roots with the problem of cosmological singularity. In the context of fibre bundles the second quantization method is…
Canonical Hamiltonian field theory in curved spacetime is formulated in a manifestly covariant way. Second quantization is achieved invoking a correspondence principle between the Poisson bracket of classical fields and the commutator of…
While it is a standard result in field theory that the scaling dimension of conserved currents and their associated gauge fields are determined strictly by dimensional analysis and hence cannot change under any amount of renormalization, it…
Dirac's conjecture, that secondary first-class constraints generate transformations that do not change the physical system's state, has various counterexamples. Since no matching gauge conditions can be imposed, the Dirac bracket cannot be…