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Recently, reversible circuit synthesis has been intensively studied. One of the problems that has not been solved for a long time was exact minimization of gate count (GC) in 4-bit circuits. Finally, last year a tool of practical usage for…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2011-10-24 Marek Szyprowski , Pawel Kerntopf

In this work, we present a class of new designs for reversible binary and BCD adder circuits. The proposed designs are primarily optimized for the number of ancilla inputs and the number of garbage outputs and are designed for possible best…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-12-08 Himanshu Thapliyal , Nagarajan Ranganathan

The Toffoli gate serving as a basic building block for reversible quantum computation, has manifested its great potentials in improving the error-tolerant rate in quantum communication. While current route to the creation of Toffoli gate…

Atomic Physics · Physics 2020-01-15 Dongmin Yu , Yichun Gao , Weiping Zhang , Jinming Liu , Jing Qian

Control modular addition is a core arithmetic function, and we must consider the computational cost for actual quantum computers to realize efficient implementation. To achieve a low computational cost in a control modular adder, we focus…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-02-10 Kento Oonishi , Tomoki Tanaka , Shumpei Uno , Takahiko Satoh , Rodney Van Meter , Noboru Kunihiro

For years, the quantum/reversible circuit community has been convinced that: a) the addition of auxiliary qubits is instrumental in constructing a smaller quantum circuit; and, b) the introduction of quantum gates inside reversible circuits…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2011-08-01 Dmitri Maslov , Mehdi Saeedi

Controlled quantum gates play a crucial role in enabling quantum universal operations by facilitating interactions between qubits. Direct implementation of three-qubit gates simplifies the design of quantum circuits, thereby being conducive…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-11-27 Qianke Wang , Dawei Lyu , Jun Liu , Jian Wang

We show that a set of gates that consists of all one-bit quantum gates (U(2)) and the two-bit exclusive-or gate (that maps Boolean values $(x,y)$ to $(x,x \oplus y)$) is universal in the sense that all unitary operations on arbitrarily many…

While quantum computing holds great potential in combinatorial optimization, electronic structure calculation, and number theory, the current era of quantum computing is limited by noisy hardware. Many quantum compilation approaches can…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-08-13 Max Aksel Bowman , Pranav Gokhale , Jeffrey Larson , Ji Liu , Martin Suchara

An $(n+1)$-bit Toffoli gate is mainly utilized to construct other quantum gates and operators, such as Fredkin gates, arithmetical adders, and logical comparators, where $n \geq 2$. Several researchers introduced different methods to…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-11-03 Shanyan Chen , Ali Al-Bayaty , Xiaoyu Song , Marek Perkowski

We put forward a strategy to encode a quantum operation into the unmodulated dynamics of a quantum network without the need of external control pulses, measurements or active feedback. Our optimization scheme, inspired by supervised machine…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-07-21 Leonardo Banchi , Nicola Pancotti , Sougato Bose

In this paper we show that it is possible to adapt a qudit scheme for creating a controlled-Toffoli created by Ralph et al. [Phys. Rev. A 75 011213] to be applicable to qubits. While this scheme requires more gates than standard schemes for…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-04-23 Katherine L. Brown , Anmer Daskin , Sabre Kais , Jonathan P. Dowling

In this paper, we present Clifford+T gates based quantum circuit design of integer division having $n$ ancillary qubits. The proposed quantum circuit is based on restoring division algorithm. The proposed quantum circuit of integer division…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-09-06 Himanshu Thapliyal , T. S. S. Varun , Edgard Munoz-Coreas

Reversible circuits have applications in digital signal processing, computer graphics, quantum computation and cryptography. In this paper, a generalized k*k reversible gate family is proposed and a 3*3 gate of the family is discussed.…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2010-08-20 Md. Rafiqul Islam , Md. Saiful Islam , Muhammad Rezaul Karim , Abdullah Al Mahmud , Hafiz Md. Hasan Babu

MQuantum algorithms of matrix operations are of great significance in many fields in science and technology. In this paper, by leveraging multi-qubit Toffoli gates and basic single-qubit operations, the quantum algorithms of matrix…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-08-26 Yu-Hang Liu , Yuan-Hong Tao , jing-Run Lan , Shao-Ming Fei

For a number of useful quantum circuits, qudit constructions have been found which reduce resource requirements compared to the best known or best possible qubit construction. However, many of the necessary qutrit gates in these…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-09-05 Lia Yeh , John van de Wetering

Reversible or information-lossless circuits have applications in digital signal processing, communication, computer graphics and cryptography. They are also a fundamental requirement in the emerging field of quantum computation. We…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Vivek V. Shende , Aditya K. Prasad , Igor L. Markov , John P. Hayes

Quantum arithmetic computation requires a substantial number of scratch qubits to stay reversible. These operations necessitate qubit and gate resources equivalent to those needed for the larger of the input or output registers due to state…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-07-21 Omid Faizy , Norbert Wehn , Paul Lukowicz , Maximilian Kiefer-Emmanouilidis

In this paper, we have introduced an algorithm to implement a sorting network for reversible logic synthesis based on swapping bit strings. The algorithm first constructs a network in terms of n*n Toffoli gates read from left to right. The…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2010-08-24 Md. Saiful Islam , Md. Rafiqul Islam , Abdullah Al Mahmud , Muhammad Rezaul karim

Multi-controlled Toffoli gates are fundamental building blocks in quantum computation, with applications in quantum arithmetic, simulation, and search algorithms. In fault-tolerant architectures, their realization is constrained by the high…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-19 Abhoy Kole , Majd Assaad , Till Schnittka , Rolf Drechsler

In the recent years, reversible logic has emerged as a promising technology having its applications in low power CMOS, quantum computing, nanotechnology, and optical computing. The classical set of gates such as AND, OR, and EXOR are not…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2007-05-23 Himanshu Thapliyal , M. B Srinivas