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We present a classical algorithm for simulating universal quantum circuits composed of "free" nearest-neighbour matchgates or equivalently fermionic-linear-optical (FLO) gates, and "resourceful" non-Gaussian gates. We achieve the promotion…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-12-11 Oliver Reardon-Smith , Michał Oszmaniec , Kamil Korzekwa

Quantum computers can be used to simulate nonlinear non-Hamiltonian classical dynamics on phase space by using the generalized Koopman-von Neumann formulation of classical mechanics. The Koopman-von Neumann formulation implies that the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-10-27 Ilon Joseph

Classical simulation of quantum circuits plays a crucial role in validating quantum hardware and delineating the boundaries of quantum advantage. Among the most effective simulation techniques are those based on the stabilizer extent, which…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-10-23 Giulio Camillo , Filipa C. R. Peres , Markus Heinrich , Juani Bermejo-Vega

We show that several quantum circuit families can be simulated efficiently classically if it is promised that their output distribution is approximately sparse i.e. the distribution is close to one where only a polynomially small, a priori…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-10-28 Martin Schwarz , Maarten Van den Nest

Classical simulations of quantum circuits play a vital role in the development of quantum computers and for taking the temperature of the field. Here, we classically simulate various physically-motivated circuits using 2D tensor network…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-09-16 Manuel S. Rudolph , Joseph Tindall

We propose examples of a hybrid quantum-classical simulation where a classical computer assisted by a small quantum processor can efficiently simulate a larger quantum system. First we consider sparse quantum circuits such that each qubit…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-07-06 Sergey Bravyi , Graeme Smith , John Smolin

Decoherence of quantum hardware is currently limiting its practical applications. At the same time, classical algorithms for simulating quantum circuits have progressed substantially. Here, we demonstrate a hybrid framework that integrates…

In this paper we present a simulation environment enhanced with parallel processing which can be used on personal computers, based on a high-level user interface developed on Mathematica\copyright which is connected to C++ code in order to…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2011-03-09 Sandra Díaz-Pier , Salvador E. Venegas-Andraca , José Luis Gómez-Muñoz

Simulating the time evolution of a physical system at quantum mechanical levels of detail -- known as Hamiltonian Simulation (HS) -- is an important and interesting problem across physics and chemistry. For this task, algorithms that run on…

We present a hybrid quantum-classical algorithm to simulate thermal states of a classical Hamiltonians on a quantum computer. Our scheme employs a sequence of locally controlled rotations, building up the desired state by adding qubits one…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-03-17 Man-Hong Yung , Daniel Nagaj , James D. Whitfield , Alán Aspuru-Guzik

A key open question in quantum computing is whether quantum algorithms can potentially offer a significant advantage over classical algorithms for tasks of practical interest. Understanding the limits of classical computing in simulating…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-06-23 Matija Medvidovic , Giuseppe Carleo

We study the complexity of learning quantum states in various models with respect to the stabilizer formalism and obtain the following results: - We prove that $\Omega(n)$ $T$-gates are necessary for any Clifford+$T$ circuit to prepare…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-09-18 Sabee Grewal , Vishnu Iyer , William Kretschmer , Daniel Liang

Quantum Computing has been evolving in the last years. Although nowadays quantum algorithms performance has shown superior to their classical counterparts, quantum decoherence and additional auxiliary qubits needed for error tolerance…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-05-06 O. M. Pires , E. I. Duzzioni , J. Marchi , R. Santiago

As quantum devices scale up, many-body quantum gates and algorithms begin to surpass what is possible to simulate classically. Validation methods which rely on such classical simulation, such as process tomography and randomized…

Continuous-variable bosonic systems stand as prominent candidates for implementing quantum computational tasks. While various necessary criteria have been established to assess their resourcefulness, sufficient conditions have remained…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-10-08 Cameron Calcluth , Nicolas Reichel , Alessandro Ferraro , Giulia Ferrini

Although a universal quantum computer is still far from reach, the tremendous advances in controllable quantum devices, in particular with solid-state systems, make it possible to physically implement "quantum simulators". Quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-06-08 Zhixin Wang , Xiu Gu , Lian-Ao Wu , Yu-xi Liu

We present quantum algorithms for simulating the dynamics of a broad class of classical oscillator systems containing $2^n$ coupled oscillators (Eg: $2^n$ masses coupled by springs), including those with time-dependent forces, time-varying…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-05-26 Abhinav Muraleedharan , Nathan Wiebe

We apply numerical optimization and linear algebra algorithms for classical computers to the problem of automatically synthesizing algorithms for quantum computers. Using our framework, we apply several common techniques from these…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2025-09-16 Yuxin Huang , Benjamin E. Grossman-Ponemon , David A. B. Hyde

We discuss a new approach to simulate quantum algorithms using classical probabilistic bits and circuits. Each qubit (a two-level quantum system) is initially mapped to a vector in an eight dimensional probability space (equivalently, to a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-07-28 D. D. Yavuz , A. Yadav

Quantum computation and quantum simulation require a versatile gate set to optimize circuit compilation for practical applications. However, existing platforms are often limited to specific gate types or rely on parametric couplers to…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-02-03 Guangze Chen , Anton Frisk Kockum