Related papers: Polarization Tensors and the Photon Field
Unification of gravity with quantum mechanics is still a terra incognita. Photon polarization measurements offer a unique window for probing the interaction between these two fundamental forces. We have revealed that non-reciprocity in the…
Electric field plays an important role in ferroelectric phase transition. There have been numerous phase field formulations attempting to account for electrostatic interactions subject to different boundary conditions. In this paper, we…
A rigorous mathematical proof is given of a class of vector identities that provide a way to separate an arbitrary vector field (over a linear space) into the sum of a radial (i.e., pointing toward the radial unit vector) vector field,…
Whether the total angular momentum of the photon can be separated into spin and orbital parts has been a long-standing problem due to the constraint of transversality condition on its vector wavefunction. A careful analysis shows that the…
Employing Maxwell's equations as the field theory of the photon, quantum mechanical operators for spin, chirality, helicity, velocity, momentum, energy and position are derived. The photon ``Zitterbewegung'' along helical paths is explored.…
Photons propagating in strong magnetic fields are subject to a phenomenon called the "vacuum birefringence" where refractive indices of two physical modes both deviate from unity and are different from each other. We compute the vacuum…
Dynamic equations that are the simplest conformally invariant generalization of Einstein equations with cosmological term are considered. Dimensions and Weyl weights of the additional geometrical fields (the vector and the antisymmetric…
Helicity $H$, chirality $C$, and spin angular momentum $\mathbf{S}$ are three physical observables that play an important role in the study of optical fields. These quantities are closely related, but their connection is hidden by the use…
In the presence of a thermal medium or an external electro-magnetic field, neutrinos can interact with photon, mediated by the corresponding charged leptons (real or virtual). The effect of a medium or an electromagnetic field is two-fold -…
Relativistic field theory for a vector field on a curved space-time is considered assuming that the Lagrangian field density is quadratic and contains field derivatives of first order at most. By applying standard variational calculus, the…
Defining the electric and magnetic field vectors in curved spacetime requires a proper choice of the observer's frame four-vector. Related literature shows that this fundamental issue in physics still needs to be properly resolved. In…
A first quantized free photon is a complex massless vector field $A=(A^\mu)$ whose field strength satisfies Maxwell's equations in vacuum. We construct the Hilbert space $\mathscr{H}$ of the photon by endowing the vector space of the fields…
We introduce an operational definition of the Berry Phase Rectification Tensor as the second-order change of polarization of a material in response to an ideal short pulse of an electric field. Under time-reversal symmetry this tensor…
By modeling a linear, anisotropic and inhomogeneous magnetodielectric medium with two independent set of harmonic oscillators, electromagnetic field is quantized in such a medium. The electric and magnetic polarizations of the medium are…
The photon behavior in an arbitrary superposition of constant magnetic and electric fields is considered on most general grounds basing on the first principles like Lorentz- gauge- charge- and parity-invariance. We make model- and…
A photon of momentum k can have only two polarization states, not three. Equivalently, one can say that the magnetic vector potential A must be divergence free in the Coulomb gauge. These facts are normally taken into account in QED by…
We critically analyze the concept of photon helicity and its connection with the Pauli-Lubanski vector from the viewpoint of the complex electromagnetic field, F=E+iH, sometimes attributed to Riemann but studied by Weber, Silberstein, and…
The tensor polarization of particles and nuclei becomes constant in the coordinate system rotating with the same angular velocity as the spin and rotates in the lab frame with the above angular velocity. The general equation defining the…
The polarizations of optical fields, besides field intensities, provide more degrees of freedom to manipulate coherent light-matter interactions. Here we propose how to achieve a coherent switch of optomechanical entanglement in a…
We use the polarized Fock states to describe the coupled molecule-cavity hybrid system in quantum electrodynamics. The molecular permanent dipoles polarize the photon field by displacing its vector potential, leading to non-orthogonality…