Related papers: Polarization Tensors and the Photon Field
Polarization wiggling is an observational effect of a gravitational field on the polarization of electromagnetic radiation traversing it. We find that in linear gravity, the polarization wiggle rate contributions from scalar, vector and…
In the first order of the fine structer constant, the polarization operator of a photon is investigated in a constant and homogeneous magnetic field at arbitrary photon energies. For weak and strong fields H, compared with the Schwinger…
A four-dimensional photon polarization space, such that gives a different interpretation of the ladder operators for the time-like degree comparing to the Gupta-Bleuler formulation is presented. This interpretation, coming from the…
An electromagnetic pair-creation cascade seeded by an electron or a photon in an intense plane wave interacts in a complicated way with the external field. Many simulations neglect the vector nature of photons by including their interaction…
The quantum theory of the vector field minimally coupled to the gravity of the de Sitter spacetime is built in a canonical manner starting with a new complete set of quantum modes of given momentum and helicity derived in the moving chart…
A non-perturbative quantization of a paraxial electromagnetic field is achieved via a generalized dispersion relation imposed on the longitudinal and the transverse components of the photon wave vector. The theoretical formalism yields a…
Increasing the complexity of a light field through the advanced manipulation of its degrees of freedom (DoF) provides new opportunities for fundamental studies and technologies. Correlating polarization with the light's spatial or spectral…
A classical circularly polarized electromagnetic wave carries angular momentum, and represents the classical limit of a photon, which carries quantized spin. It is shown that a very similar picture of a circularly polarized coherent wave…
Using a quantum field theoretic description of the photon it is shown that, as intuitively expected but not before theoretically proven, the vector potential of a photon has a likely amplitude associated with a discrete frequency and…
Partial polarization is the manifestation of the correlation between two mutually orthogonal transverse field components associated with a light beam. We show both theoretically and experimentally that the origin of this correlation can be…
To discuss one-photon polarization states we find an explicit form of the Wigner's little group element in the massless case for arbitrary Lorentz transformation. As is well known, when analyzing the transformation properties of the…
A representation theory of finite electromagnetic beams in free space is formulated by factorizing the field vector of the plane-wave component into a $3 \times 2$ mapping matrix and a 2-component Jones-like vector. The mapping matrix has…
It was recently realized that the polarization bases of the plane-wave modes in the integral representation of a light beam need to be determined by a degree of freedom arising from the divergence-free Maxwell's equation. This is a…
The polarization operator is investigated at arbitrary photon energy in a constant and homogeneous magnetic field for the strength H less than the Schwinger critical value. The effective mass of a real photon with a preset polarization is…
We extend classical Maxwell field theory to a first quantized theory of the photon by deriving a conserved Lorentz four-current whose zero component is a positive definite number density. Fields are real and their positive (negative)…
We review the status of electric/magnetic duality for free gauge field theories in four space-time dimensions with emphasis on Maxwell theory and linearized Einstein gravity. Using the theory of vector and tensor spherical harmonics, we…
Up till now, the Jones vector is, strictly speaking, only a notion about the state of polarization of plane electromagnetic waves though it is generally applied to paraxial fields approximately. Here we generalize it to non-paraxial fields.…
If Einstein's photon is $E = cp = \hbar\omega$, Wigner's photon is its helicity which is a Lorentz-invariant concept coming from the E(2)-like little group for massless particles. In addition, the E(2)-like little group has two…
The analytical structure of a static transverse component of polarization tensor in complex momentum plane is numerically studied, which is holographically determined by a Einstein-Maxwell theory in asymptotically $D=3+1$ dimensional…
The so-called {\it Modern Theory of Polarization}, which rigorously defines the spontaneous polarization of a period solid and provides a route for its computation in electronic structure codes through the Berry phase, is introduced in a…