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We review the methodology to theoretically treat parity-time- ($\mathcal{PT}$-) symmetric, non-Hermitian quantum many-body systems... (For the full abstract see paper)

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-11-17 Volker Meden , Lukas Grunwald , Dante M. Kennes

Parity-time ($PT$) symmetric Hamiltonians are generally non-Hermitian and give rise to exotic behaviour in quantum systems at exceptional points, where eigenvectors coalesce. The recent realisation of $PT$-symmetric Hamiltonians in quantum…

We present an evaluation of some recent attempts at understanding the role of pseudo-Hermitian and PT-symmetric Hamiltonians in modeling unitary quantum systems and elaborate on a particular physical phenomenon whose discovery originated in…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-05-14 Ali Mostafazadeh

The non-Hermitian systems exhibit extreme sensitivity to the boundary conditions. The change in the eigenspectrum with tunning boundary parameter is intimately connected to the non-Hermitian skin effect. The single-particle systems are…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2025-02-21 Kuldeep Suthar

We report our realization of a parity-time (PT) symmetric non-Hermitian many-body system using cold atoms with dissipation. After developing a theoretical framework on PT-symmetric many-body systems using ultracold atoms in an optical…

It is generally assumed that a Hamiltonian for a physically acceptable quantum system (one that has a positive-definite spectrum and obeys the requirement of unitarity) must be Hermitian. However, a PT-symmetric Hamiltonian can also define…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-01-02 Carl M. Bender , Daniel W. Hook

We discuss spectral properties of the Laplacian with multiple ($N$) point interactions in two-dimensional bounded regions. A mathematically sound formulation for the problem is given within the framework of the self-adjoint extension of a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 T. Shigehara , H. Mizoguchi , T. Mishima , Taksu Cheon

We study spectral properties of quantum many-body Hamiltonians through a subsystem-based framework. Given a Hamiltonian of the form $H = \sum_{X \subseteq \Lambda} \Phi(X)$ acting on a tensor product Hilbert space, we associate to each…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-05 MD Nahidul Hasan Sabit

We briefly explain some simple arguments based on pseudo Hermiticity, supersymmetry and PT-symmetry which explain the reality of the spectrum of some non-Hermitian Hamiltonians. Subsequently we employ PT-symmetry as a guiding principle to…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2008-04-17 Andreas Fring

We study a class of interacting, harmonically trapped boson systems at angular momentum L. The Hamiltonian leaves a L-dimensional subspace invariant, and this permits an explicit solution of several eigenstates and energies for a wide class…

Condensed Matter · Physics 2009-10-31 Thomas Papenbrock , George F. Bertsch

Non-Hermitian systems with parity-time symmetry have been developed rapidly and hold great promise for future applications. Unlike most existing works considering the symmetry of the free energy terms (e.g., gain-loss system), in this…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-11-21 Wenlin Li , Chong Li , Heshan Song

We analyze, in exact terms, multiband 2D itinerant correlated fermionic systems with many-body spin-orbit interactions, and in-plane external magnetic fields. Even if such systems with broad applicability in leading technologies are…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2020-01-07 Nóra Kucska , Zsolt Gulácsi

Non-hermitian, $\mathcal{PT}$-symmetric Hamiltonians, experimentally realized in optical systems, accurately model the properties of open, bosonic systems with balanced, spatially separated gain and loss. We present a family of exactly…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-12-17 Kaustubh S. Agarwal , Rajeev K. Pathak , Yogesh N. Joglekar

We study symmetries of open bosonic systems in the presence of laser pumping. Non-Hermitian Hamiltonians describing these systems can be parity-time (${\cal{PT}}$) symmetric in special cases only. Systems exhibiting this symmetry are…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-11-23 Ewelina Lange , Grzegorz Chimczak , Anna Kowalewska-Kudłaszyk , Karol Bartkiewicz

The condition of self-adjointness ensures that the eigenvalues of a Hamiltonian are real and bounded below. Replacing this condition by the weaker condition of ${\cal PT}$ symmetry, one obtains new infinite classes of complex Hamiltonians…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2009-10-30 Carl M. Bender , Stefan Boettcher

The static and dynamical properties of a one-dimensional quantum system described by a non-Hermitian Hamiltonian of the so-called Hatano-Nelson type; a tight-binding model with asymmetric (or non-reciprocal) hopping, are studied. The static…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-06-21 Takahiro Orito , Ken-Ichiro Imura

We study quantum mechanical systems with "spin"-related contact interactions in one dimension. The boundary conditions describing the contact interactions are dependent on the spin states of the particles. In particular we investigate the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-06 S. Albeverio , S. M. Fei , P. Kurasov

We study a general class of PT-symmetric tridiagonal Hamiltonians with purely imaginary interaction terms in the quasi-hermitian representation of quantum mechanics. Our general Hamiltonian encompasses many previously studied lattice models…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-04-05 Frantisek Ruzicka

The theoretical study of ultracold few-body systems is often done using an idealized 1D model with zero range interactions. Here we study these systems using a more realistic 3D model with finite range interactions. We place…

Quantum Gases · Physics 2019-10-17 M. Wallenius , D. V. Fedorov , A. S. Jensen , N. T. Zinner

The recent interest in aspects common to quantum information and condensed matter has prompted a prosperous activity at the border of these disciplines that were far distant until few years ago. Numerous interesting questions have been…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2008-11-26 Luigi Amico , Rosario Fazio , Andreas Osterloh , Vlatko Vedral