Related papers: Realistic interpretation of a superposition state …
The different interpretations of quantum mechanics yield the same experimental results, which may give the impression that the question of what interpretation is the true one, is a philosophical question, not a scientific one. But in this…
Different ensembles of quantum states can have the same average nonpure state. Distinguishing between such constructions, via different mixing procedures of the same nonpure quantum state, is known to entail signaling. In parallel,…
Can it possibly be that the proper interpretation of quantum theory, which allows a quantum system to be in a superposition of mutually exclusive states, is itself a superposition of seemingly contradicting interpretations?
A new ensemble interpretation of quantum mechanics is proposed according to which the ensemble associated to a quantum state really exists: it is the ensemble of all the systems in the same quantum state in the universe. Individual systems…
A mixed quantum state can be taken as capturing an unspecified form of ignorance; or as describing the lack of knowledge about the true pure state of the system ("proper mixture"); or as arising from entanglement with another system that…
It is argued that proper and improper quantum mixed states have no observable differences, and hence should not be distinguished. This has implications for subjective approaches to quantum mechanics, and invalidates one of the main…
All quantum mixtures are what d'Espagnat has termed "improper." His "proper" mixture cannot be created -- if welcher weg, or distinguishing, information exists, an improper mixture results, while in the absence of such information, the…
A given density matrix may be represented in many ways as a mixture of pure states. We show how any density matrix may be realized as a uniform ensemble. It has been conjectured that one may realize all probability distributions that are…
The recently reported relativistic formulation of the well-known non-relativistic quantum state diffusion is seriously mistaken. It predicts, for instance, inconsistent measurement outcomes for the same system when seen by two different…
The density operators obtained by taking partial traces do not represent proper mixtures of the subsystems of a compound physical system, but improper mixtures, since the coefficients in the convex sums expressing them never bear the…
Two criticisms which have prevented the realistic interpretation of entangled state from being widely accepted are addressed and shown to be unfounded. A local realistic theory, which reproduces all the quantum probabilistic predictions, is…
In quantum systems, entanglement corresponds to nonclassical correlation of nonlocal observables. Thus, entanglement (or, to the contrary, separability) of a given quantum state is not uniquely determined by properties of the state, but may…
The ``spatial interpretation of compositeness'', presented and discussed in [1,2] in the context of non-relativistic potential scattering, is extended to higher partial waves. A particular set of basis states is used to arrive at a slightly…
A bipartite quantum state (for two systems in any dimensions) can be decomposed as a superposition of many components. For a superposition of more than two components we prove that there is a bound of the entanglement of the superposition…
The stability of dynamical systems against perturbations (variations in initial conditions/model parameters) is a property referred to as structural stability. The study of sensitivity to perturbation is essential because in experiment…
Perhaps the quantum state represents information about reality, and not reality directly. Wave function collapse is then possibly no more mysterious than a Bayesian update of a probability distribution given new data. We consider models for…
We show relations between superposition of macroscopically distinct states and entanglement. These relations lead to the important conclusion that if a state contains superposition of macroscopically distinct states, the state also contains…
Mixed states are introduced in physics in order to express our ignorance about the actual state of a physical system and are represented in standard quantum mechanics (QM) by density operators. Such operators also appear if one considers a…
To address the issues of stability and fidelity in interpretable learning, a novel interpretable methodology, ensemble interpretation, is presented in this paper which integrates multi-perspective explanation of various interpretation…
By comparing Schr\"odinger's cat with its classical counterpart, I show that a quantum superposition should be understood as an expectation over possible eigenstates weighted by wave-like probabilities. Upon the occurrence of a certain…