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We characterize information as risk reduction between knowledge states represented by partitions of the underlying probability space. Entropy corresponds to risk reduction from no (or partial) knowledge to full knowledge about a random…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2026-02-24 Sebastian Gottwald , Daniel A. Braun

Entropic uncertainty relations demonstrate the intrinsic uncertainty of nature from an information-theory perspective. Recently, a quantum-memory-assisted entropic uncertainty relation for multiple measurements was proposed by Wu $et\ al.$…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-07-26 Qing-Hua Zhang , Shao-Ming Fei

Heisenberg's uncertainty principle has recently led to general measurement uncertainty relations for quantum systems: incompatible observables can be measured jointly or in sequence only with some unavoidable approximation, which can be…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-06-27 Alberto Barchielli , Matteo Gregoratti , Alessandro Toigo

In a quantum system, there may be many density matrices associated with a state on an algebra of observables. For each density matrix, one can compute its entropy. These are in general different. Therefore one reaches the remarkable…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2013-08-09 A. P. Balachandran , Amilcar R. de Queiroz , S. Vaidya

A topological dynamical system $(X,f)$ induces two natural systems, one is on the probability measure spaces and other one is on the hyperspace. We introduce a concept for these two spaces, which is called entropy order, and prove that it…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2020-05-08 Yong Ji , Ercai Chen , Xiaoyao Zhou

Entropy of all systems that we understand well is proportional to their volumes except for black holes given by their horizon area. This makes the microstates of any quantum theory of gravity drastically different from the ordinary matter.…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2015-12-09 Ali Masoumi

Problem of classification of all the set of entangled states is considered. Invariance of entangled states relative to transformations from a group of symmetry of qubit space leads to classification of all states of the system through…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Constantin V. Usenko

In this paper, we show an interesting connection between a quantum sampling technique and quantum uncertainty. Namely, we use the quantum sampling technique, introduced by Bouman and Fehr, to derive a novel entropic uncertainty relation…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-02-05 Walter O. Krawec

The method of Maximum (relative) Entropy (ME) is used to translate the information contained in the known form of the likelihood into a prior distribution for Bayesian inference. The argument is guided by intuition gained from the…

Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability · Physics 2009-11-10 Ariel Caticha , Roland Preuss

Although some information-theoretic measures of uncertainty or granularity have been proposed in rough set theory, these measures are only dependent on the underlying partition and the cardinality of the universe, independent of the lower…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2011-02-02 Ping Zhu , Qiaoyan Wen

We consider a model for a Planck scale ultraviolet cutoff which is based on Shannon sampling. Shannon sampling originated in information theory, where it expresses the equivalence of continuous and discrete representations of information.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-11-18 Jason Pye , William Donnelly , Achim Kempf

In the topos approach to quantum theory, the spectral presheaf plays the role of the state space of a quantum system. We show how a notion of entropy can be defined within the topos formalism using the equivalence between states and…

Category Theory · Mathematics 2020-06-08 Carmen-Maria Constantin , Andreas Doering

Uncertainty relations and quantum entanglement are pivotal concepts in quantum theory. Beyond their fundamental significance in shaping our understanding of the quantum world, they also underpin crucial applications in quantum information…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-12-18 Yundu Zhao , Shan Huang , Shengjun Wu

In statistical mechanics, measuring the number of available states and their probabilities, and thus the system's entropy, enables the prediction of the macroscopic properties of a physical system at equilibrium. This predictive capacity…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2023-12-14 Mathias Casiulis , Stefano Martiniani

We define a general notion of entropy in elementary, algebraic terms. Based on that, weak forms of a scalar product and a distance measure are derived. We give basic properties of these quantities, generalize the Cauchy-Schwarz inequality,…

Spectral Theory · Mathematics 2024-04-10 Martin Schlather

We discuss the entropy generation in quantum tunneling of a relativistic particle under the influence of a time varying force with the help of squeezing formalism. It is shown that if one associates classical coarse grained entropy to the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2008-02-03 A. Feinstein , M. A. Pérez Sebastián

The objective of the consistent-amplitude approach to quantum theory has been to justify the mathematical formalism on the basis of three main assumptions: the first defines the subject matter, the second introduces amplitudes as the tools…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-11-18 Ariel Caticha

In classical Hamiltonian theories, entropy may be understood either as a statistical property of canonical systems, or as a mechanical property, that is, as a monotonic function of the phase space along trajectories. In classical mechanics,…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2016-10-14 Marius Oltean , Luca Bonetti , Alessandro D. A. M. Spallicci , Carlos F. Sopuerta

This short book is an elementary course on entropy, leading up to a calculation of the entropy of hydrogen gas at standard temperature and pressure. Topics covered include information, Shannon entropy and Gibbs entropy, the principle of…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2025-11-18 John C. Baez

The entropic dynamics (ED) approach to quantum mechanics is ideally suited to address the problem of measurement because it is based on entropic and Bayesian methods of inference that have been designed to process information and data. The…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-08-04 Ariel Caticha