Related papers: Dimensional enhancement of kinetic energies
A kinetic equation for a dilute gas of hard spheres confined between two parallel plates separated a distance smaller than two particle dimeters is derived. It is a Boltzmann-like equation, which incorporates the effect of the confinement…
The generalized Gibbs free energy and enthalpy is derived in the framework of nonextensive thermodynamics by using the so-called physical temperature and the physical pressure. Some thermodynamical relations are studied by considering the…
In this paper we argue that one-way quantum computation can be seen as a form of phase transition with the available information about the solution of the computation being the order parameter. We draw a number of striking analogies between…
We develop a general technique to analyse the quantum effects of acceleration on realistic spatially-localised electromagnetic field states entangled in the polarization degree of freedom. We show that for this setting, quantum entanglement…
The quantum statistical mechanics of an ideal gas with a general free-particle energy obeying fractional exclusion statistics are systematically investigated in arbitrary dimensions. The pressure relations, the relation between pressure and…
The article provides an overview of some advances in the mathematical understanding of the nature of the kinetic equations of quantum systems of many particles. The fundamental equations of modern mathematical physics are studied, in…
Possible analogies between vacuum state and quantum fluid provide a model to study vacuum energy density induced by thermal corrections, space-time curvature, boundary conditions and quantum back-reaction. We find that vacuum energy density…
A multiscale theory of interacting continuum mechanics and thermodynamics of mixtures of fluids, electrodynamics, polarization and magnetization is proposed. The mechanical (reversible) part of the theory is constructed in a purely…
Classical thermodynamics is a theory based on coarse-graining, meaning that the thermodynamic variables arise from discarding information related to the microscopic features of the system at hand. In quantum mechanics, however, where one…
A kinetic approach to the notion of information is proposed, based on Liouville kinetic theory. The general kinetic equation for the evolution of the N-particle information $\mathcal{I}_N$ in a Hamiltonian system of large particle number…
Till now, the foundation of quantum physics is still mysterious. To explore the mysteries in the foundation of quantum physics, people always take it for granted that quantum processes must be some types of fields/objects on a rigid space.…
Many-body quantum-mechanical stationary states that have real valued wavefunctions are shown to satisfy a classical conservation of energy equation with a kinetic energy function. The terms in the equation depend on the probability…
The quantum dynamical evolution of atomic and molecular aggregates, from their compact to their fragmented states, is parametrized by a single collective radial parameter. Treating all the remaining particle coordinates in d dimensions…
Relations between Hamiltonian mechanics and quantum mechanics are studied. It is stressed that classical mechanics possesses all the specific features of quantum theory: operators, complex variables, probabilities (in case of ergodic…
The energy dissipation in a gas of structured objects, e.g. molecules, is considered in density matrix formalism. It is shown that the macroscopic irreversibility of the kinetic processes can be considered as a consequence of the…
Thermophoresis is the migration of a particle due to a thermal gradient. Here, we theoretically uncover the quantum version of thermophoresis. As a proof of principle, we analytically find a thermophoretic force on a trapped quantum…
Two equations are constructed which reflect, for fermions moving independently in a spherical harmonic potential, a differential virial theorem and a relation between the turning points of kinetic energy and particle densities. These…
The class of possible thermodynamic conversions can be extended by introducing an auxiliary system called catalyst, which assists state conversion while remaining its own state unchanged. We reveal a complete characterization of catalytic…
We apply the background field method and the effective action formalism to describe the four-dimensional dynamical Casimir effect. Our picture corresponds to the consideration of quantum cosmology for an expanding FRW universe (the boundary…
We study a class of non-equilibrium quasi-stationary states for a Markov system interacting with two different thermal baths. We show that the work done under a slow, external change of parameters admits a potential, i.e., the free energy.…