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Based on the firm laws of physics rather than unproven foundations of mathematical complexity, quantum cryptography provides a radically different solution for encryption and promises unconditional security. Quantum cryptography systems are…

We present a new technique for proving the security of quantum key distribution (QKD) protocols. It is based on direct information-theoretic arguments and thus also applies if no equivalent entanglement purification scheme can be found.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-11 R. Renner , N. Gisin , B. Kraus

Securing information transmission is critical today. However, with rapidly developing powerful quantum technologies, conventional cryptography techniques are becoming more prone to attacks each day. New techniques in the realm of quantum…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-09-10 Saiful Islam Salim , Adnan Quaium , Sriram Chellappan , A. B. M. Alim Al Islam

The rapid advancement of quantum technologies calls for the design and deployment of quantum-safe cryptographic protocols and communication networks. There are two primary approaches to achieving quantum-resistant security: quantum key…

Post-quantum cryptography (PQC) is becoming essential for securing Internet of Things (IoT) and Industrial IoT (IIoT) systems against quantum-enabled adversaries. However, existing evaluation approaches primarily focus on isolated…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Jonatan Rassekhnia

The binary (one-bit-per-photon) encoding that most existing quantum key distribution (QKD) protocols employ puts a fundamental limit on their achievable key rates, especially under high channel loss conditions associated with long-distance…

Granting information privacy is of crucial importance in our society, notably in fiber communication networks. Quantum cryptography provides a unique means to establish, at remote locations, identical strings of genuine random bits, with a…

Quantum algorithms can break factoring and discrete logarithm based cryptography and weaken symmetric cryptography and hash functions. In order to estimate the real-world impact of these attacks, apart from tracking the development of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-02-11 Vlad Gheorghiu , Michele Mosca

Quantum Key Distribution (QKD) can provide information-theoretically secure communications and is a strong candidate for the next generation of cryptography. However, in practice, the performance of QKD is limited by "practical…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-04-24 Wenyuan Wang

Digital signatures represent a crucial cryptographic asset that must be protected against quantum adversaries. Quantum Digital Signatures (QDS) can offer solutions that are information-theoretically (IT) secure and thus immune to quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-08-08 Federico Grasselli , Gaetano Russo , Massimiliano Proietti

Quantum secret sharing (QSS) plays a significant role in multiparty quantum communication and is a crucial component of future quantum multiparty computing networks. Therefore, it is highly valuable to develop a QSS protocol that offers…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-10-10 Yuan-Zhuo Wang , Xiao-Ran Sun , Xiao-Yu Cao , Hua-Lei Yin , Zeng-Bing Chen

Quantum key distribution (QKD) establishes secure links between remote communication parties. As a key problem for various QKD protocols, security analysis gives the amount of secure keys regardless of the eavesdropper's computational…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-09-26 Hongyi Zhou , Toshihiko Sasaki , Masato Koashi

The methods of quantum cryptography enable one to have perfectly secure communication lines, whereby the laws of quantum physics protect the privacy of the data exchanged. Each quantum-cryptography scheme has its own security criteria that…

The ability to perform computations on encrypted data is a powerful tool for protecting privacy. Recently, protocols to achieve this on classical computing systems have been found. Here we present an efficient solution to the quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-03-05 K. Fisher , A. Broadbent , L. K. Shalm , Z. Yan , J. Lavoie , R. Prevedel , T. Jennewein , K. J. Resch

We introduce an explicit construction for a key distribution protocol in the Quantum Computational Timelock (QCT) security model, where one assumes that computationally secure encryption may only be broken after a time much longer than the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-09-24 Francesco Mazzoncini , Balthazar Bauer , Peter Brown , Romain Alléaume

Quantum key distribution (QKD) promises provably secure communications. In order to improve the secret key rate, combining a biased basis choice with the decoy-state method is proposed. Concomitantly, there is a basis-independent detection…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-08-11 Hua-Lei Yin , Peng Liu , Wei-Wei Dai , Zhao-Hui Ci , Jie Gu , Tian Gao , Qiang-Wei Wang , Zi-Yao Shen

Quantum secure direct communication (QSDC) has attracted a lot of attention, which exploits deep-rooted quantum physical principles to guarantee unconditional security of communication in the face of eavesdropping. We first briefly review…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-04-20 Xiang-Jie Li , Dong Pan , Gui-Lu Long , Lajos Hanzo

Quantum resistance is vital for emerging cryptographic systems as quantum technologies continue to advance towards large-scale, fault-tolerant quantum computers. Resistance may be offered by quantum key distribution (QKD), which provides…

Due to recent development in quantum computing, the invention of a large quantum computer is no longer a distant future. Quantum computing severely threatens modern cryptography, as the hard mathematical problems beneath classic public-key…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-02-01 Tao Liu , Gowri Ramachandran , Raja Jurdak

The accelerating digitalization and decentralization of modern power systems expose critical communication infrastructures to escalating cyber risks, particularly under emerging quantum computing threats. This paper presents an integrated…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-10-20 Ziqing Zhu
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