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The classic "Bell's Theorem" of Clauser, Holt, Shimony and Horne tells us that we must give up at least one of: (1) objective reality (aka "hidden variables"); (2) locality; or (3) time-forwards macroscopic statistics (aka "causality"). The…

General Physics · Physics 2008-04-21 Paul J. Werbos

Microscopic quantum laws are time-symmetric: nothing in the Schr\"odinger equation or its relativistic extensions distinguishes future from past. Yet measurements produce irreversible records, an apparently one-way causal flow, and the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-12-02 Alejandro Frank

Many Time Interpretation (MTI) proposes that each stochastic "quantum jump" ("reduction") concerning each single object (of an ensemble) represents a consequence of a (stochastic) choice (change) of Time. Therefore, each single object…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-09-25 Miroljub Dugic

A number of writers have been attracted to the idea that some of the peculiarities of quantum theory might be manifestations of 'backward' or 'retro' causality, underlying the quantum description. This idea has been explored in the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2010-02-07 Huw Price

A new interpretation of quantum mechanics, similar to the Copenhagen interpretation, is developed from time-symmetry arguments and commonly held principles concerning time and causality. These principles, which are grounded in ideas outside…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 William R. Wharton

Cramer's Transactional Interpretation (TI) is applied to the "Quantum Liar Experiment" (QLE). It is shown how some apparently paradoxical features can be explained naturally, albeit nonlocally (since TI is an explicitly nonlocal…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2010-12-30 R. E. Kastner

Einstein held that the formalism of Quantum Mechanics (QM) entails "spooky actions at a distance". Indeed, in the 60's Bell showed that the predictions of QM disagree with the results of any locally causal description. Accepting non-local…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2010-12-07 Nathan Argaman

We reconsider the problem of the interpretation of the Quantum Theory (QT) in the perspective of the entire universe and of Bphr idea that the classical language is the language of our experience and QT acquires a meaning only with a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-04-17 Giovanni M. Prosepri , Massimiliano Baldicchi

The quantum theory (QT) and new stochastic approaches have no deterministic prediction for a single measurement or for a single time -series of events observed for a trapped ion, electron or any other individual physical system. The…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-12-04 Marian Kupczynski

It is well-known that Bell's Theorem and other No Hidden Variable theorems have a "retrocausal loophole", because they assume that the values of pre-existing hidden variables are independent of future measurement settings. (This is often…

History and Philosophy of Physics · Physics 2013-07-31 Huw Price , Ken Wharton

The Bell theorem expresses that quantum mechanics is not a local-realistic theory, which is often interpreted as nonlocality of the nature. This result has led to this belief that nonlocality and entanglement are the same resources.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-04-17 Akbar Fahmi

One of the most important problems in Physics is how to reconcile Quantum Mechanics with General Relativity. Some authors have suggested that this may be realized at the expense of having to drop the quantum formalism in favor of a more…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2010-02-17 Miguel Navascues , Harald Wunderlich

Backward causation in which future events affect the past is formalized in a way consistent with Special Relativity and shown to restore locality to nonrelativistic quantum mechanics. It can explain the correlations of the EPR paradox…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 William R. Wharton

Quantum mechanics led to spectacular technological developments, discovery of new constituents of matter and new materials. However there is still no consensus on its interpretation and limitations. Some scientists and scientific writers…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-12-19 Marian Kupczynski

Closed timelike curves (CTCs) are trajectories in spacetime that effectively travel backwards in time: a test particle following a CTC can in principle interact with its former self in the past. CTCs appear in many solutions of Einstein's…

Several locally deterministic interpretations of quantum mechanics are presented and reviewed. The fundamental differences between these interpretations are made transparent by explicitly showing what information is carried locally by each…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-04-28 Mordecai Waegell

Huw Price has proposed an argument that suggests a time-symmetric ontology for quantum theory must necessarily be retrocausal, i.e. it must involve influences that travel backwards in time. One of Price's assumptions is that the quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-03-26 Matthew Leifer , Matthew Pusey

Bell's Theorem rules out many potential reformulations of quantum mechanics, but within a generalized framework, it does not exclude all "locally-mediated" models. Such models describe the correlations between entangled particles as…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-05-27 K. B. Wharton , N. Argaman

Motivated by some recent news, a journalist asks a group of physicists: "What's the meaning of the violation of Bell's inequality?" One physicist answers: "It means that non-locality is an established fact". Another says: "There is no…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-05-01 Adán Cabello

It is difficult to extract reliable criteria for causal locality from the limited ingredients found in textbook quantum theory. In the end, Bell humbly warned that his eponymous theorem was based on criteria that "should be viewed with the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-02-28 Jacob A. Barandes
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