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The Einstein, Podolski and Rosen (EPR) argument aiming to prove the incompleteness of quantum mechanics (QM) was opposed by most EPR's contemporary physicists and is not accepted within the standard interpretation of QM, which maintains…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Claudio Garola

On the seminal paper written by Einstein, Podolsky and Rosen [1], a critique to the completeness of quantum mechanics was posed. Part of the critique consisted in the following argument: if quantum mechanics is complete, then, two physical…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-05-07 Angel Garcia-Chung

In their well-known argument against the completeness of quantum theory, Einstein, Podolsky, and Rosen (EPR) made use of a state that strictly correlates the positions and momenta of two particles. We prove the existence and uniqueness of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Hans Halvorson

The original version of Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen (EPR) paradox is discussed to show the completeness of Quantum Mechanics (QM). The unique solution leads to the wave function of antiparticle unambiguously, which implies the essential…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Guang-jiong Ni , Hong Guan

In 1935 Einstein, Podolsky, and Rosen (EPR) published an important paper in which they claimed that the whole formalism of quantum mechanics together with what they called "Reality Criterion" imply that quantum mechanics cannot be complete.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-12-11 Laszlo E. Szabo

We performed a comparative analysis of the arguments of Einstein, Podolsky and Rosen -- EPR, 1935 (against the completeness of QM) and the theoretical formalism of QM (due to von Neumann, 1932). We found that the EPR considerations do not…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2008-05-17 Andrei Khrennikov

It is shown that the Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen conclusion concerning the `incompleteness' of Quantum Mechanics is invalidated by two logical errors in their argument. If it were possible to perform the proposed gedanken experiment it would,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2008-05-05 J. H. Field

The Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen (EPR) paradox was presented as an argument that quantum mechanics is an incomplete description of physical reality. However, the premises on which the argument is based are falsifiable by Bell experiments. In…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-12-03 C. McGuigan , R. Y. Teh , P. D. Drummond , M. D Reid

This paper presents correspondence between Albert Einstein and the mathematical analyst J. L. B. Cooper on the Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen (EPR) paradox of quantum theory published in 1935. Two letters written by Cooper, and the replies from…

History and Philosophy of Physics · Physics 2025-07-17 P. L. Butzer , D. E. Edmunds , G. Roepstorff , G. Schmeisser , R. L. Stens

A new interpretation offers a consistent conceptual basis for nonrelativistic quantum mechanics. The Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen (EPR) paradox is solved and the violation of Bell's inequality is explained by maintaining realism, inductive…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Gyula Bene

Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen (EPR) paradox is considered in a relation to a measurement of an arbitrary quantum system . It is shown that the EPR paradox always appears in a gedanken experiment with two successively joined measuring devices.

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Konstantin Kladko

The EPR (Einstein, Podolsky, Rosen) argument and the Schrodinger cat paradox are revisited in relation with modern quantum optics and atomic physics and with the concept of decoherence. It is shown that the questions raised fifty years ago…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Pierre Roussel

Einstein, Podolsky and Rosen (EPR) argued that the quantum-mechanical probabilistic description of physical reality had to be incomplete, in order to avoid an instantaneous action between distant measurements. This suggested the need for…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Daniele Tommasini

Nowadays, it is commonly admitted that the experimental violation of Bell's inequalities that was successfully demonstrated in the last decades by many experimenters, are indeed the ultimate proof of quantum physics and of its ability to…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-06-17 Francois Henault

Einstein, Podolsky and Rosen (EPR) pointed out that the quantum-mechanical description of "physical reality" implied an unphysical, instantaneous action between distant measurements. To avoid such an action at a distance, EPR concluded that…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-07 Daniele Tommasini

Most physicists agree that the Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen-Bell paradox exemplifies much of the strange behavior of quantum mechanics, but argument persists about what assumptions underlie the paradox. To clarify what the debate is about, we…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-05-13 Guy Blaylock

Einstein, Podolski and Rosen (EPR) have shown that any wave function (subject to the Schr\"odinger equation) can describe the physical reality completely, and any two observables associated to two non-commuting operators can have…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-05-20 Andrew Das Arulsamy

It is shown that the Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen conclusion concerning the `incompleteness' of Quantum Mechanics does not follow from the results of their proposed gedanken experiment, but is rather stated as a premise. If it were possible to…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2011-11-09 J. H. Field

In 1935, Albert Einstein, Boris Podolsky, and Nathan Rosen ('EPR') reported on a thought experiment that they believed showed that quantum theory provided an incomplete description of reality. Today we know that quantum theory is a complete…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-02-07 Roman Schnabel

The Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen (EPR) paradox that argues for the incompleteness of quantum mechanics as a description of physical reality has been put to rest by John Bell's famous theorem, which inspired numerous experimental tests and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-10-10 Masud Mansuripur
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