Related papers: tRNA-isoleucine-tryptophan Composite Gene
Identity, response to external stimuli, and spatial architecture of a living system are central topics of molecular biology. Presently, they are largely seen as a result of the interplay between a gene repertoire and the regulatory…
The current - voltage dependence of the transverse tunneling current through the electron or hole traps in a DNA is investigated. The hopping of the charge between the sites of the trap and the charge-phonon coupling results in a staircase…
Background: Transposable elements (TEs) have played an important role in the diversification and enrichment of mammalian transcriptomes through various mechanisms such as exonization and intronization (the birth of new exons/introns from…
Understanding the patterns and causes of phenotypic divergence is a central goal in evolutionary biology. Much work has shown that mRNA abundance is highly variable between closely related species. However, the extent and mechanisms of…
A great part of the effort in the study of coarse grained models of transcription networks is directed to the analysis of their dynamical features. In this letter, we consider the \emph{equilibrium} properties of such systems, showing that…
We report results showing that thermally-induced openings of double stranded DNA coincide with the location of functionally relevant sites for transcription. Investigating both viral and bacterial DNA gene promoter segments, we found that…
We study the genetic interfaces between two species of an expanding colony that consists of individual microorganisms that reproduce and undergo diffusion, both at the frontier and in the interior. Within the bulk of the colony, the genetic…
Extreme enrichment of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1) RNA genome for the purine A parallels the mild purine-loading of the RNAs of most organisms. This should militate against loop-loop "kissing" interactions between the structured…
Martincorena et al. estimated synonymous diversity ({\theta}s = 2N{\mu}) across 2,930 orthologous gene alignments from 34 Escherichia coli genomes, and found substantial variation among genes in the density of synonymous polymorphisms. They…
Gene regulatory networks (GRNs) perform a wide range of biological functions. It is, however, often challenging to reveal their functioning mechanism with the conventional approach focusing on the network topological structure from a…
The rate of recombination affects the mode of molecular evolution. In high-recombining sequence, the targets of selection are individual genetic loci; under low recombination, selection collectively acts on large, genetically linked genomic…
A topological RNA structure is derived from a diagram and its shape is obtained by collapsing the stacks of the structure into single arcs and by removing any arcs of length one. Shapes contain key topological, information and for fixed…
Transcriptional activity has been shown to relate to the organization of chromosomes in the eukaryotic nucleus and in the bacterial nucleoid. In particular, highly transcribed genes, RNA polymerases and transcription factors gather into…
Systematic characterization of biological effects to genetic perturbation is essential to the application of molecular biology and biomedicine. However, the experimental exhaustion of genetic perturbations on the genome-wide scale is…
The effects of the residual proton-neutron interactions on bandcrossing features are studied by means of shell model calculations for nucleons in a high-j intruder orbital. The presence of an odd-nucleon shifts the frequency of the…
Flows of synchrotron-emitting material can be found in several astrophysical contexts, including extragalactic jets and pulsar-wind nebulae (PWNe). For X-ray synchrotron emission, flow times are often longer than electron radiative…
In post-transcriptional regulation, an mRNA molecule is bound by many proteins and/or miRNAs to modulate its function. To enable combinatorial gene regulation, these binding partners of an RNA must communicate with each other, exhibiting…
Cell-to-cell heterogeneity drives a range of (patho)physiologically important phenomena, such as cell fate and chemotherapeutic resistance. The role of metabolism, and particularly mitochondria, is increasingly being recognised as an…
Suppose that $(\mathcal{F},\mathcal{M})$ is an injective structure of $R$-Mod such that the class $\mathcal{F}$ is closed for direct limits, then two modules in $\mathcal{M}$ are isomorphic if there are maps in $\mathcal{F}$ from each one…
Numerous transcription factors self-assemble into different order oligomeric species in a way that is actively regulated by the cell. Until now, no general functional role has been identified for this widespread process. Here we capture the…