Related papers: Effect of pooling samples on the efficiency of com…
Estimating the prevalence of a disease is necessary for evaluating and mitigating risks of its transmission within or between populations. Estimates that consider how prevalence changes with time provide more information about these risks…
Pooling specimens, a well-accepted sampling strategy in biomedical research, can be applied to reduce the cost of studying biomarkers. Even if the cost of a single assay is not a major restriction in evaluating biomarkers, pooling can be a…
We consider the optimal strategy for laboratory testing of biological samples when we wish to know the results for each sample rather than the average prevalence of positive samples. If the proportion of positive samples is low considerable…
DNA microarray experiments, a well-established experimental technique, aim at understanding the function of genes in some biological processes. One of the most common experiments in functional genomics research is to compare two groups of…
In bioequivalence design, power analyses dictate how much data must be collected to detect the absence of clinically important effects. Power is computed as a tail probability in the sampling distribution of the pertinent test statistics.…
It is well known that correlations in microarray data represent a serious nuisance deteriorating the performance of gene selection procedures. This paper is intended to demonstrate that the correlation structure of microarray data provides…
In this paper we describe a new technique for the comparison of populations of DNA strands. Comparison is vital to the study of ecological systems, at both the micro and macro scales. Existing methods make use of DNA sequencing and cloning,…
Experimental comparisons of performance represent an important aspect of research on optimization algorithms. In this work we present a methodology for defining the required sample sizes for designing experiments with desired statistical…
Population-wide screening is a powerful tool for controlling infectious diseases. Group testing enables such screening despite limited resources. Viral concentration of pooled samples are often positively correlated, either because…
Power analyses are an important aspect of experimental design, because they help determine how experiments are implemented in practice. It is common to specify a desired level of power and compute the sample size necessary to obtain that…
Simulation offers a simple and flexible way to estimate the power of a clinical trial when analytic formulae are not available. The computational burden of using simulation has, however, restricted its application to only the simplest of…
In the search for genetic factors that are associated with complex heritable human traits, considerable attention is now being focused on rare variants that individually have small effects. In response, numerous recent papers have proposed…
When designing experimental studies with human participants, experimenters must decide how many trials each participant will complete, as well as how many participants to test. Most discussion of statistical power (the ability of a study…
Sample size reestimation can be a powerful tool to ensure that a clinical trial meets its prespecified power requirements when uncertainty regarding a design parameter exists at the planning stage. However, long term primary endpoints can…
Background: In the context of ongoing debate over data confidentiality versus shared use of research data, as raised following the new EU General Data Protection Regulation, we seek to find alternate techniques that can balance these two…
Research often necessitates of samples, yet obtaining large enough samples is not always possible. When it is, the researcher may use one of two methods for deciding upon the required sample size: rules-of-thumb, quick yet uncertain, and…
Chemical bioreactions play a significant role in many of the microfluidic devices, and their applications in biomedical science have seen substantial growth. Given that effective mixing is vital for initiating biochemical reactions in many…
High dimensional case control studies are ubiquitous in the biological sciences, particularly genomics. To maximise power while constraining cost and to minimise type-1 error rates, researchers typically seek to replicate findings in a…
In many longitudinal microarray studies, the gene expression levels in a random sample are observed repeatedly over time under two or more conditions. The resulting time courses are generally very short, high-dimensional, and may have…
Basket trials examine the efficacy of an intervention in multiple patient subgroups simultaneously. The division into subgroups, called baskets, is based on matching medical characteristics, which may result in small sample sizes within…