Related papers: A New Look at the Neutron and the Lamb Shift
The present paper is based upon ideas and results obtained in an earlier paper by the author devoted to a new formulation of quantum electrodynamics. The equations derived in that paper depict the structure and properties of the electron as…
It is shown the possibility of existence of metastable atoms of dineutroneum as a bound state of two neutrons and one neutrino. Such atoms can appear in a reaction of deuterons with free or quasi-free electrons. The estimation of mass, size…
The mass of an electroweakly charged lepton consists of the two components of electric and weak nature, and regardless of the difference in masses, all leptons have an equal charge, the same charge radius as well as an identical magnetic…
The symmetry energy describes how the energy of nuclear matter rises as one goes away from equal numbers of neutrons and protons. This is very important to describe neutron rich matter in astrophysics. This article reviews our knowledge of…
The neutrino produced in the pion decay reveals a new diffraction phenomenon due to many-body interactions in an intermediate time region when wave functions of the parent and daughters overlap. Because of diffraction, the probability to…
Improved measurements of the proton's structure are now possible thanks to significant technical advances that allow us to probe the proton with polarized photons. These measurements have shown that the proton is not as simple as previously…
Relativistic neutron-loaded outflows in gamma-ray bursts are studied at their early stages, before deceleration by a surrounding medium. The outflow has four components: radiation, electrons, protons and neutrons. The components interact…
Numerical-relativity simulations for the merger of binary neutron stars are performed for a variety of equations of state (EOSs) and for a plausible range of the neutron-star mass, focusing primarily on the properties of the material…
Massless neutrino exchange leads to a new long-range force between matter. Recently, it was claimed both that the potential energy due to this interaction i) dominates the total energy of neutron stars and ii) that it is zero. We…
The finite temperature and finite density dependence of the neutron-proton mass difference is analysed in a purely hadronic framework where the $\rho-\omega $ mixing is crucial for this isospin symmetry breakdown. The problem is handled…
Einstein's relativity theory appears to be very accurate, but at times equally puzzling. On the one hand, electromagnetic radiation must have zero rest mass in order to propagate at the speed of light, but on the other hand, since it…
We show that off-mass-shell effects arising from the internal structure of the proton provide a new proton polarization mechanism in the Lamb shift, proportional to the lepton mass to the fourth power. This effect is capable of resolving…
The Standard Model has been incredibly successful in predicting the outcome of almost all the experiments done up so far. In it, neutrinos are mass-less. However, in recent years we have accumulated evidence pointing to tiny masses for the…
Thanks to compelling evidence that neutrinos can change flavor, we now know that they have nonzero masses, and that leptons mix. In these lectures, we explain the physics of neutrino flavor change, both in vacuum and in matter. Then, we…
Massless neutrinos are exchanged in a neutron star, leading to long range interactions. Many body forces of this type follow and we resum them. Their net contribution to the total energy is negligible as compared to the star mass. The…
Determining the absolute masses of neutrinos is of fundamental importance in particle physics, nuclear physics, and astrophysics. We conjecture that intrinsic mass relations exist between leptons and quarks. Using these relations and…
A proton can capture an electron and turn into a neutron provided the electron has a kinetic energy of 0.782 MeV or more.An element of the Periodic Table can change into another on being exposed to such high energy electrons.
A measurement of the Lamb shift of 49,881.88(76) GHz in muonic hydrogen in conjunction with theoretical estimates of the proton structure effects was recently used to deduce an accurate but rather small radius of the proton. Such an…
The Standard Model has been effective way beyond expectations in foreseeing the result of almost all the experimental tests done up so far. In it, neutrinos are massless. Nonetheless, in recent years we have collected solid proofs…
We compute trace anomaly contribution to hydrogen atom mass, which turns out to be related to the part of the Lamb shift. This finding might shed new light on our understandings of the mass structure of QCD bound states, such as, proton.